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Pathology P3 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - destructive outbreak
        
        plant disease
  - - - canker & gall rast
        
        falcata
      - needle bligh
        
        pine
  - - - added
- - - - causal agents
        
        penicullum
        
        aspergillus
        
        alternalia
      - control
        
        collect mature seeds
        
        healthy mother trees
        
        sow seeds immediately
        
        clean seed, remove pulp
        
        dry seed gradually
        
        proper storage temp
    - - damping off
        
        infected seedling fall over
        
        rotting base
        
        pythium & phytophthora
        
        oomycetes
        
        motile = can swim
        
        control
        
        sterilize soil b4 sowing
        
        elevated seed bed
        
        regualte watering
        
        sandy loam soil medium
        
        avoid overcrowding, dense sowing
        
        remove ifected seedling
        
        dispose
        
        fusarium
        
        also cause root rot
      - needle blight
        
        cercospora, dothistroma, lecanostica
        
        wind
      - leafspot/anthracnose/blight
      - powdery mildew
        
        powder like whitish structure
        
        pathogens can remain alive on fallen leaves
      - sooty molds
        
        meliola, capnodium
        
        insects
  - - - lesions on the bark
        
        eucalyptus
        
        phanerochaete
        
        control
        
        thinning
        
        plant superior stock
        
        good soil drainage
        
        proper spacing
        
        pruning affected branches
        
        plant mix tree spp.
        
        pink canker
    - - eromycladium
      - control
        
        salvage cutting, prune, plant resistant trees
      - falcata
    - - phellinus noxius
      - control
        
        good planting site, mix planting, trenching
      - some can thrive as saprophyte
        
        stumps of decayed trees, debris
        
        can infect living trees
        
        can spread thru root to root contact
    - - ganoderma, phellinus, fomes
    - - white rot
        
        degrade all
        
        cellulose
        
        hemi cellulose
        
        lignin
        
        fibrous decay of wood
      - brown rot
        
        degrade
        
        cellulose
        
        hemicellulose
        
        small amt of lignin
        
        wood shrinks & can see checks
      - soft rot
        
        cellulose decomposed
        
        localized pocket
        
        2ndary wall
        
        not occur in living trees
        
        important in decomposition
- - - - lowe initial plant disease inoculum
      - reduce infecion rate
      - lower duration of the epidemic
    - - avoidance of pathogen
        
        select season/site
        
        low inoculum
        
        unfavorable conditoin
      - exclusion of pathogen
        
        reduce introduced inoclulm
        
        delay introduction of inoculmejm
      - eradication of pathogen
        
        destroy or inactivate
        
        snitize, remove reservoir, rmove alternate host
      - protection of host plant
        
        use toxicant
        
        barrier
      - devt of resistant plant
        
        use cultivars
      - therapy of host plants
        
        cure plants
  - - - province/country perform plant quarantine
      - plant quarantine decree of 1987
        
        regulatory procedures
        
        losses due to plant pests
      - RA 9147
        
        widlife resources conservation & protection act
      - quarantine
    - - intercropping
      - crop rotation
    - - use antagonistic/parasitic orgs
      - use other orgs
    - - physically take out
      - barriers, traps, mow, till, vaccuums
      - heat sterilization
    - - pesticides