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Nervous system - Coggle Diagram
Nervous system
Pheripheral Nervous System : PNS
Autonomic nervous system:ANS
Symphathetic nervous system
Fight or Flight
Thoracolumbar division : T2 - L23
increases heart rate , respiration rate
Neurotransmitters of the ANS
acetylcholine
Norepinephrin
Cholinergic transmission
Synthesis
Acetylcholine is synthesized in the cytoplasm form acetyl - coAand choline through the catalytic action of the catalytic action of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase
Choline is transported from the extracellular fluid into the neuron terminal by a sodium-dependent membrane choline transporter
Storage
Acetycholine is transportde from the cytoplasm into the vesickes by a vescle associated transporter
There are vesicle - associated membrane proteins on vasicle
VAMPs responsble for vesicle release
Remove
All pf the acetylcholine released diffuses within range of an acetylcholinesterase moleecule AChE very efficintly splits acetylcholine into choline and acetate
Release
Vesicles are concentrated on the inner surface of the nerveterminal facing yhe synapse through the interaction of so-called SNARE ]roteins on the vesucle
Adrenergic Transmission
Storage
Norepinephrine is transported into the storage vesicle by vesicilar monoamine transporter
Release
After action potential reached the adrenegic nerve terminal , the vesicle membrane fused with cell membrane and release norepinephrine
Synthesis
Epinephrine is synthesized from tyrosine viavarious catecholamine intermrdiate
Remove
Terminal of noradrenegic trsnsmission results from two process
Autonomic receptor
Cholinergic receptor
Nicotinic N
Nn; Located at postsynaptic neuron of nerve ganglion
Nm; Located at neuromuscular junction of somatic nerve
Muscarinic M
M1, M2, M3, M4, M5
Adrenegic receptors
Alpha receptors
Alpha 1 ; Smooth muscle
Alpha2;presynaptic membrane of adrenegic nerve ending
Beta rece[tors
Beta2 Airways smooth muscle
Beta3;Adipose tissue
Beta1;heart
Presynaptic receptor
Autoreceptors are usually inhibitory effect
parasympathetic nervous system
Parasymphathetic drugs; cholinergic Receptor
Parasympathomimetic drugs
Direct - acting drug
Nicotineic agonist
nicotine
Mixed
acethycholine
carbachol
Muscarinic agonist
bethanechol
pilocarpine
muscarine
Effects of Muscarinic antagonist
Gastrointestinal tract
2 more items...
Respratory system
1 more item...
Urinary tract and smooth muscle
1 more item...
Indirect- acting drug
Acetycholinesterase inhibitor
irreversible- organophosphate
reversible- neotigmine
Parasympathotholytic drugs
Direct-acting drug
Muscarinic antagonist
scopolamine
atropine
Nicotinic antagonist
ganglion blocker
neuromuscular junction blocker
indirect- acting drug
Botulinum toxin
Pralidoxime
Somatic nervous system