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History Chapter 6 - Coggle Diagram
History Chapter 6
Whyy did the Japanese control Singapore
To. Win local support
Winning loyalty
Makes locals obey japanese
Getting resources from east asia
Eg tin and rubber/ oil from malaya
Post-war chhallenges
Economic decline
Increase rate of unemployment
More ppl jobless
No income/ cannot support family
Increased discontent
Banana notes were no longer a currency due to value fall during war
Disruption of schools/education
Dealing with shortages
Due to wartime and post-war disruptions
Disruption of production
Lack of warehouses
Rice producing countries unable to produce enough rice to export
Lack of shipping
Sunken ships blocked harbour
Methods Jap used to control Sg
Using force
Meeting out harsh punishments
targetted criminals and perceived enemies
beheaded looters and displayed heads on Cathay Building to scare locals
Kempeitai > Japanese military police arrested those suspected to be anti-jap
Kempeitai gave food/cash rewards encouraging ppl to inform them of anti-jap
arrested ppl would be killed or tortured or beaten
Imprisoning Allied soldiers
made aus, brit + other allied euro including women and children march from Bukit Timah road to Changi prison
Carrying out Operation Sook Ching
'Cleansing Operation' Kempeitai identified and eliminated anti-jap ppl
targeted Chinese bc jap faced resistance in war with the Chinese and some Chinese in Sg supported efforts in China - eg by organizing a boycott of Jap goods & donated money to China's war efforts
100 000 may have been killed
all Chinese men aged 18-50 had to report at mass screening centres to be examined by jap
Coercing the Chinese Business Community
targeted due to great donations to China relief fund
Overseas Chinese Association [OCA] set-up to act as a channel between the jap govt and Chinese community
OCA had to give $50 million straits dollars to jap as punishment to Chinese community
Winning loyalty
Using Propaganda
aimed to influence local liberators and gain support to create their vision of '
Greater east Asia co-prosperity sphere'
used newspaper, radio broadcasts, posters, etc
Propaganda was used to win over the support of the Indian community
Jap promised to help free India from Brit colonial rule
Jap helped set up Indian National Army [INA] to recruit Indians to fight against Brit in India
Providing Benefits
provided certain benefits eg. schooling, accommodation at no cost, eg. gave 20 000 children free tb
favorable treatment is given to Malay and Indian communities
Imposing Japanese Culture
wanted to immerse locals in jap culture to cultivate jap spirit
jap culture was a model for all to follow
taught jap
students had to learn to speak jap and write jap instead of English
Nippon-go lessons were conducted daily over school broadcasting services
published Nippon-go readers for beginners
adults eg teachers have to learn
awards, competitions, salary increments, extra rations, and promotions used to encourage
What daily life was like under the Jap
Struggle for survival
Dealing with shortages
War disrupted trade
limited import of goods in Sg
most available resources went to the Japanese for their war efforts
rationing of essential foods like rice, sugar, salt
shortages caused prices to increase causing inflation
black market flourished, goods sold at unreasonable prices
exsessive printing of banana notes meant drastic fall in value
Diseases and death
healthcare and sanitation standards worsened
food shortages and malnutrition weakened the ppl > leading to a high death rate
POW and civilian prisoners suffered harsh living conditions, eg. overcrowding, shortage of food and medicine
poor hygiene and the spread of disease
Relocation
jap encouraged ppl to be self-sufficient by growing their own food
failure led to jap needing to relocate ppl from Sg to Malaya to increase agriculture output
relocated Eurasians and Chinese Roman Catholics to Bahau settlement in Negri Sembilan
Hilly terrain and poor soil resulted in failure and severe food shortage
Leisure and entertainment
allowed some ppl to make it look like a happy and harmonious society
radio programs played jap songs, Malay music, etc.
free screenings of propaganda shows
encouraged sports and cultural activities to reduce stress
Locals response to Japanese rule
Collaboration
Chinese informants during Sook Ching
Became targets of revenge killing
Malays supported the Japanese
Jap provided benefits to Malays
Schooling, accomodations, sugar, salt, rice for Hari Raya
Resistance
Anti-Japanese Movements
Force 136
Collected information about Japanese
Organised sabbotage attacks
Set up by Brit and Lim Bo Seng
Malay People Anti-Japanese Army[MPAJA]
Operated in jungles and launched attackks on Japanese troops
Had sabbotage. Attacks on Japanese
Aroused anti-Jap sentiments by making posters