Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Structure of the vertebrate nervous system, the brain has three major…

- - - - consists of: sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
- - - - most axons release norepinephrine, but a few use acetylcholine
    - - also knows as craniosacral system
      - unlike the ganglia in the sympathetic system, the parasym. ganglia are not arranged in a chain near the spinal chord. rather, long preganglionic axons extend from the spinal cord to parasympathetic ganglia close to each internal organ
      - acts more independently
      - axons release acetylcholine onto the organs
- - - - enlarged extension of teh spinal cord - just as the lower parts of the body connect to the spinal cord via sensory and motor nerves, the head and the organs connect tot he medulla and adjacent areas by 12 pairs of cranial nerves
        
        these cranial nerves control vital reflexes such as breathing, heart rate, vomiting, salvation, coughing and sneezing
        
        opiate receptors supress activity, these are abundant in the medulla --> opiates can produce dangerous decrese in breathing and heart rate
    - - anterior and ventral to medulla, axons from each half of the brain cross to the opposite side of the spinal cord so that the left hemisphere controls the muscles of the right side of the body and the right hemisphere controls the left side
    - - large hindbrain structure - control of movement, balance and coordination, timing, learning and conditioning, shifting attention
- - - - limbic system: olfactory bulb, hypothalamus, hoppocampus, amygdala, cingualte gyrus
        
        hypothalamus: control of eating, drinking, temperature control, reproductive behaviors
        
        amygdala: evaluating emotional information, especially with regard to fear