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To design an electrochemical cell that produces an optimal energy output. …
To
design
an
electrochemical cell
that produces an
optimal energy output
.
What is energy output?
Amount of energy produced. In terms fo an electrochemical cell, this refers to electrical energy specifically.
What is an Electrochemical Cell?
An electrochemical cell is a device capable of either generating electrical energy from chemical reactions or using electrical energy to cause chemical reactions.
Galvanic/ Voltaic cell is a type of electrochemical cell. It consists of redox reactions that take place in these cells are spontaneous in nature.
Electrolytic cells are a type of electrochemical cells. They are non-spontaneous in nature, and require an input of energy in order to facilitate the redox reactions required in the cell.
Requires electrodes and an electrolyte solution
Fuel Cell: Requires a fuel source (gas that is converted into the redox reaction. Unlike traditional electrolytic and galvanic cell, fuel cells are continuous as long as there is a source of fuel.
What does it mean to be 'optimal'?
Among a group of results, which has the highest success rate for desired results and has the most advantanges and applications.
'best possible' 'most favourable'
What are different factors impacting energy output?
Metal used as the Electrodes
Zinc
Metal oxides: cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, copper oxide
Lithium
Copper
Magnesium
Aluminium
Size of electrode
Diameter of the core wire
Length of metal strip
Width of Electrode
Metal Ion Solution
Simply just an ionic solution of the chosen metal
Metal Sulphate Solution
Changing concentrations
Amount of salt bridge solution
Mass
Different electronegativites, essential for large cell potential
Different anodes or cathodes
Surface area of electrode, larger surface area increases rate of reaction, thus the amount of voltage produced in given time
How to measure energy output?
Ampere (A) is a measure of electricity. It is calculated through the current, or the rate at which electrons flow past a point in a complete electrical circuit.
Volts (V) are a measure of electricty. Voltage itself is the pressure from an electrical circuit's power source that pushes the current through a conducting loop. This enabling them to carry out their purpose, such as lighting up a bulb.
Using a voltmeter
Applications for an Electrochemical Cell
Torches
Digital Watches
Military Applications
Corrosion Protection
Disposable AA batteries
Lighting up a Bulb
A galvanic cell is small and easily trasnportable, making it useful in various applications requiring a discreet and small battery
How to measure optimality?
Measure the time it takes to achieve the desirable results, fastest would be most optimal
Comparisons with different anodes and cathodes in a glavanci cell, in order to see which produced the highest voltage or ampere.
Optimal rate of reaction
Can measure either optimal amperes or volts.
Measuring the mass of the anode, to see how much it has oxidised (lost electrons). This dictates the amount of corrosion in the given time limit, and thus the life expectancy of such a cell
Set up
6-way glavanic cell, using filter paper
Two seperate beakers for two seperate half cells
The cell that produces the greatest potential difference in voltage is the one with the optimal energy output.
How to measure Cell potential
Ecell=Ecathode-Eanode
Subtract the reduction potential of the reducer by the oxidation potential of the oxidiser
A larger difference in reduction and oxidation potential is optimal for a high final voltage.