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THE EARLY HANOVERIANS - Coggle Diagram
THE EARLY HANOVERIANS
GEORGE I
He spent most of his reign in Hanover so he relied on a cabinet (council of top ministers) Whigs and Tories were the two opposite parties
Sir Robert Walpole (Whig) was the most powerful minister and he is regarded as the first Prime Minister - anti-war government
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- managed to reduce land taxes and to restore trust in the established order
GEORGE II
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1745: Charles Edward Stuart (James’s grandson) raised a rebellion in Scotland for the power supported by France. The rebellion was called Jacobite
1746: Battle of Culloden 🡪 Jacobites defeated and executed, Charles escaped in France William Pitt became Prime Minister supported by the Commons
A GOLDEN AGE
18th Century = Golden Age called “Augustan” 🡪 political stability and power, flourishing of arts Rejection of extremism, superstition, fanaticism, verbal violence
Praised the virtues of politeness, moderation, rationality
Joseph Addison founded The Spectator, a newspaper that made politeness fashionable
Morality and fashion demanded simplicity and emotional authenticity 🡪 new figure of gentleman Counter-culture developed a taste for manly sports like boxing, racing and fox-hunting
THE ROLE OF WOMAN
English women were more independently active in social life than in the Continent They could attend theatres and coffee houses
Some of them became writers as Aphra Behn one of the first professional women writers They wrote about ordinary people of their day
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