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Metabolism - Coggle Diagram
Metabolism
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Enzymes
Enzymes are proteins – primary constituents of all living organisms. They act as catalysts, they make biochemical reactions happen faster than they would otherwise. Without it, those reactions simply would not occur or would run too slowly to sustain life.
Inhibitor
Enzyme inhibitors are molecules that interact with enzymes (temporary or permanent) in some way and reduce the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction or prevent enzymes to work in a normal manner. The important types of inhibitors are competitive, noncompetitive, and uncompetitive inhibitors.
Factors that affect
pH: Each enzyme has an optimum pH range. Changing the pH outside of this range will slow enzyme activity. Extreme pH values can cause enzymes to denature.
Enzyme concentration: Increasing enzyme concentration will speed up the reaction, as long as there is substrate available to bind to. Once all of the substrate is bound, the reaction will no longer speed up, since there will be nothing for additional enzymes to bind to.
Temperature: Raising temperature generally speeds up a reaction, and lowering temperature slows down a reaction. However, extreme high temperatures can cause an enzyme to lose its shape (denature) and stop working.
Substrate concentration: Increasing substrate concentration also increases the rate of reaction to a certain point. Once all of the enzymes have bound, any substrate increase will have no effect on the rate of reaction, as the available enzymes will be saturated and working at their maximum rate.
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Properties (sifat)
they increase the rate of chemical reactions without themselves being consumed or permanently altered by the reaction.
they increase reaction rates without altering the chemical equilibrium between reactants and products.
Tips!
Enzymes are commonly named by adding a suffix “-ase” to the root name of the substrate molecule they will naturally be acting upon. For example, Lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids, they break down the molecule with the help of water; Sucrase catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose.
Penyusun (composer)
enzymes consist of chains of amino acids. Each enzyme has a specific action depending on the three-dimensional structure and in particular the active site of the enzyme molecule.