Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Anemia - Coggle Diagram
Anemia
Cuses of anema
function structure stem cells
oxygen delivery function
membrane integrity
glucose metabolism
Globin synthesis
Heme synthesis
hemolysis
blood loss
General symptoms
pallor
weakness
fatigue
shortness of breath
headaches
feeling cold
Diagnostics
Clinical manifestations
Time
Acute
hemorrhage
hemolysis
Chronic
inflmmation
renal failure
iron deficiency
folate/vitamin deficiency
Severity
Mild
asymptomatic
Moderate
paleness
tachypnea
tachicardia
fatigue
Severe
dyspnea
difficulty to breath
hypotension
shock
Underlying cause
Physical examinations
lyph node enlargement
spleen enlargement
liver enlargement
petechia
medical history
Laboratory tests
CBC
Reticulocytes
Blood smear
bone narrow aspirate
iron profile
vitamins
other
renal function
thyroid function
blood in feces
hemoglobin electrophoresis
PCR
Coombs
Classification
Hypochromic anemia
Chronic disease
Defective heme synthesis
//microcytic
MCV <80 fL
Iron deficiency
there is a supression of eythropoiesis at inflammation
clinical manifestations
glossitis
painless
koilonychia
pica
dirt
ice
chips
irritability
decline psychomotor development
Plummer Vinson//Brown Kelly
estomatitis angular
Defective heme synthesis
Acquired causes
blood loss
gastrointestinal
hookworm
menstruation
inadequate dieatary intake
increase needs
pregnancy
adolescent growth
Malabsorption
celiac disease
autoimmune gastritis
H pylori infection
not enough iron to synthesize heme
not enough hemoglobin
reduces synthesis of RBC in bone narrow
Characteristic values
Thalassemias
Defective globin chain
Macrocytic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
vitamin b12 deficiency
Causes
Malabsorption
Intrinsic factor deficiency
Pernicious anemia
most common
Total gastrectomy
Food cobalamin malabsoption
Disease of distal
ileum
Bacteria
Intestinal diverticulum
fish tapeworm
Characteristic
findings
increased homocysteine
increased methylmalonic acid
signs and symptoms
Hematologic
anemia
low platelets
Gastrointestinal
glossitis
malabsorption
Neurologic
neuropathy
spinal disease
dementia
folate deficiency
causes
decreased intake
infancy
poor diet
alcoholism
impaired absorption
sprue
increased requeriments
infancy
adolescence
pregnancy
narrow hyperplasia
bulky tumors
clinical manifestations
anemia
low platelets
glossitis
malabsorption
charactheristic findings
increased homocyteine
normal methylmalonic acid
Defective DNA
non megaloblastic anemia
MVC >100
Hemolytic anemia
Hereditary
Membrane
Spherocytosis
Mode of inheritance
AD
anemia
jaundice
splenomegaly
aplastic crisis
The bone narrow suddenly stop producido red blood cells due to parvovirus
RBC become spherical
due to a mutation casuing deficiency of RBC structural proteins
ankyrin
spectrin
reticulocytosis
elliptocytosis
RBC become oval
sickle cell
treatment
hydroxyurea
RBC become sickle-shaped
mutation in chromosome 11
Glu - val substitution
less soluble HbSS
increased polymeration rate
1 more item...
homozygotus
clinical manifestations
due to vaso occlusion
priapism
painful erection
pain crises of bone
dactilytis
Howell Jolly bodies
splenic infarction
acute chest syndrome
due to extravascular hemolysis
jaundice
reticulocytosis
aplastic crisis
cholelithiasis
Diagnostics
cribado
electroforesis de Hb
Metabolism
G6PD deficiency
Mode of inheritance
X linked
causes
infection
most common
oxidant drugs
antimalarians
primaquine
quinacrine
sulfonamides
aspirin
fava beans
Divicine
characteristics
heinz bodies
bite cells
hemoglobinemia
hemoglobinuria
jaundice
increased reticulocyte count
lower haptoglobin
Hemoglobin
Genetic abnormalities
Instrinsic
Acquired
Immune
Autoimmune
Warm antibody
IgG
Cold antibody
IgM
Alloimmune
Hemolytic transfussions
Hemolytic disease of the newborn
Drug associated
cephalosporins
penicilin
quinidine
a-methyldopa
Narrow transplantation
Extrinsic
Normocytic
MVC 80-100 fL
reticulocyte index >2%
Cell volume
micro, normo, macro
Cell hemoglobin
hypocromic, normochromic
la sangre produce una cantidad inferior a la normal de glóbulos rojos sanos
