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\( Atomic \ Structure\), (\( Spin \ Quantum \ Number\) \( ( m_s / s) \),…
\( Atomic \ Structure\)
\( Bohr's \ Atomic \ Model\)
\( Formulae\)
\( Velocity \)
\( V = \)\( 2.18 * 10^6 \frac{Z }{ n} \ m \ s^{-1}\)
\( Radius \)
\( r = \)\( 52.9 \frac{n^2 }{ Z} \ pm\ or \ 0.529 \frac{n^2 }{ Z} \ Ang\)
\( r = \)\( \frac{n^2 \ h^2}{4 \pi^2 \ m \ K \ Z \ e^2} \)
\(Energy \)
\( E = \)\( -2.18 * 10^{-18} \frac{Z^2}{n^2} \ J \ atom^{-1}\)
\( or \ E = \)\( -13.6 \frac{Z^2}{n^2} \ ev \ atom^{-1}\)
\(PE = 2(TE) = -2(KE)\)
\(Time \ Period \ of \ Rev. \)
\( T = \)\( \frac{2 \ \pi \ r_0 }{V_0}\) * \( \frac{n^3}{Z^2} \ sec\)
\(Frequency \)
\( \frac{1}{T} \)
\( Size \ and \ Radius \ of \ Atom\)
\( R = R_0 \ (A)^{1/3}\)
\( 1808\)
\( Dalton's \ Atomic \ Model\)
\( Laws\)
\( Law \ of \ Constant \ Proportions\)
\( Law \ Conservation \ of \ Mass\)
\(Postulates\)
\( Indivisible \)
\( Same \ or \ Not\)
\( Same \ Element = Identical\)
\( Different \ Element = Different\)
\( Chemical \ Reactions = Reorganization\)
\( Combine = Fixed \ Whole \ No. \ Ratio\)
\( Limitations\)
\( Isotopes\)
\( Isobars\)
\( Sub - Atomic \ Particles\)
\( Complex \ Organic \ Compounds - Not \ Always \ Whole \ No. \ Ratio\)
\( Allotropes\)
\( Billiard \ Ball \ Model\)
\( Quantum \ Mechanical \ Model\)
\( Quantum \ Numbers\)
\( 1. Principal \ Quantum \ Number\) \( ( n )\)
\( Max\)
\( Orbitals = \ n^2 \)
\( e^- \) \( = 2n^2 \)
\( Subshells = n \)
\( Identify \ Shell\)
\( n = \)\( \frac{1}{K} \)\( \frac{2}{L} \)\( \frac{3}{M} \)\( \frac{4}{N} \)
\( +ve \ Values\)
\( Define-\ e^- \)
\( 2.Subsidiary / Azimuthal / Orbital \ Angular \ Momentum \ Quantum \ Numbers\) \( ( l )\)
\( 1904\)
\( Plum \ Pudding \ Model\)
\(Proton \ / \ Electron\)
\( 1897\)
\( The \ Cathode \ Ray \ Tube \ Experiment\)
\( Result\)
\( Experiment\)
\( Observation\)
\( 1886\)
\( The \ Anode \ Ray \ Tube \ Experiment\)
\( Observation\)
\( Result\)
\( Experiment\)
\( Electrons \ (e^-)\)
\( 1911\)
\( Nuclear \ Model\)
\( 1911\)
\(The \ Gold \ Foil \ Experiment - Nucleus \)
\( Observation\)
\( Result\)
\( Distance \ of \ Closest \ Approach\)
\( r = \)\( 0.137964 \frac{z^2}{v^2} \)
\(r = 2 \frac{ k \ z_1 \ z_2 \ e^2}{m \ v^2}\)
\( Experiment\)
\( Spin \ Quantum \ Number\) \( ( m_s / s) \)
\( Spin \ of \ e^- \)
\( m = \) \( \frac{+1}{2} \)\( or \) \( \frac{-1}{2} \)
\( Total\) \( Spin = \) \( S = \) \( \frac{+n}{2} \) \( or \) \( \frac{-n}{2} \)
\( Total\) \( Spin \) \( Multiplicity = \) \( 2S + 1 \)
\( Spin\) \( Magnetic\) \( Moment = \) \( μ_s = \) \( \surd n(n+2) \)
\( Magnetic\) \( Moment = \) \( μ = \) \( \surd n(n+2) \) \( B.M \)
\( Paramagnetic\)
\( Dimagnetic\)
Max
\( Orbitals = \ 2l + 1 \)
\( e^- \) \( = 2(2l + 1) \)
\( 3D \ Shape\)
\( l = 0 \) \( to \) \( (n-1) \)
\( ( l )\) = \( \frac{0}{s} \)\( \frac{1}{p} \)\( \frac{2}{d} \)\( \frac{3}{f} \)\( \frac{4}{g} \)
\( Magnetic \ Quantum \ Number\) \( (m / m_l) \)
\( Orientation \ Of \ Orbital\)
\( m = -l \) \( to \) \( +l \)
\( Total \)\( Orbitals\) \( =\) \( \Sigma^{n-1}_{l=0} (2l+1)\)
\( Planck's \ Quantum \ Theory\)
\( Quantum = 1\)
\( Quanta = Many\)
\( Light = Photon\)
\( 1 \ ev \ atom^{-1} = 96.33 \ kJ \ mol^{-1} = 23 \ kCal \ mol^{-1} \)
\( E = nhc/λ \ ≈ 12400 / λ (Ang) \)
\( h = 6.626 * 10^-34\)
\(a_0 = 52.9 \ pm \ or \ 0.529 Ang\)