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Functional heartburn - Coggle Diagram
Functional heartburn
Treatment
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H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
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Causes
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A variety of central factors, such as sleep deprivation, stress, anxiety, and other psychological disorders
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Diagnosis
If the symptoms of functional heartburn are occasional, short lasting, and well-controlled with antacids, diagnostic tests are not needed.
With more severe symptoms, a physician will test with upper GI endoscopy
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If the number of acid reflux episodes or the amount of time gastric acid spends in the esophagus exceeds normal values a diagnosis of GERD will be made.
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Definition
Presenece of heartburn symptoms caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease but without any evidence of abnormal esophageal acid exposure
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References: Fass, R., & Tougas, G. (2002). Functional heartburn: the stimulus, the pain, and the brain. Gut, 51(6), 885–892. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.51.6.885
Miller, I. (2018, November 8). The gut–brain axis: historical reflections. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, 29(2), 1542921. https://doi.org/10.1080/16512235.2018.1542921
Luo, Y, Keefer, L. The Clinical value of brain-gut behavioral therapies for functional esophageal disorders and symptoms. Neurogastroenterology & Motility. 2022; 34:e14373. doi:10.1111/nmo.14373
Yamasaki, T. & O´Neil, J. (2017). Update on Functional Heartburn. Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Volume 13, Issue 12.
Lee, Y. Y., & Wu, J. C. (2018). Management of patients with functional heartburn. Gastroenterology, 154(8).
