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Preventing and Limiting the Spread of Infectious Diseases - Coggle Diagram
Preventing and Limiting the Spread of Infectious Diseases
Hygiene
Set of practices performed to maintain good health and limit spread of pathogens
These practices kill pathogens
Types
Communal
practices performed at local level
Examples
Water purification
Sewerage
Food
practices that prevent food contamination
Examples
Keeping cooked and raw food seperate
store food at recommended temperatures
Cook food for correct time
Personal
practices an individual performs to minimise infection
Examples
respiratory hygiene
handwashing with water and soap
frequent bathing
Quarantine
Strict isolation imposed to prevent spread of pathogen or species
Done Via
Regulation
Restriction of Movement
Inspection
Enforced destruction of diseased organisms
Vaccination
Process of making an organism resistant to infection from specific pathogen
Can prevent future infections
Active Immunity
Vaccine contains, a live-attenuated version of pathogen
No symptoms
Leads to production of
Antibodies
B and T memory cells
Allows for long term protection from the pathogen
Passive Immunity
Injection of antibodies into an individual
provides immediate protection
No memory cells produced
Protection is short term
Public Health Campaigns
Effort to persuade the community to engage in behaviours
that will improve health or
have them refrain from unhealthy behaviours
Examples
HPV Vaccination
Whooping Cough Vaccination
Grim Reaper vs AIDS
Use of Pesticides
chemicals used to prevent spread of infectious pathogens
Can be in the forms of
Herbicides
Fungicides
Insecticides
Example
Insecticide control of malaria
Rapid use has lead to pesticide resistance for the disease
Genetic Engineering
Involves modification of organism's genome
Could be done via the insertion of a transgene
The desired phenotypical outcome is advantageous to the organism
Very valuable in agriculture due to increase in resistence of pathogens
Very Effective
Example
Bt Cotton
Bt gene is inserted into genome
the gene produces a protein that kills insects