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Learning Theories - Coggle Diagram
Learning Theories
behaviorism
observable and measurable changes in behavior
if the learner mastered the objectives, then their behavior changed, and learning took place
cognitivism
reorganization of experiences
existing knowledge structure is used to process new information
information is received, stored, and retrieved
focus on presenting the “must-know” or the most important content both at the beginning and end of the course
constructivism
focus on how learners construct knowledge based on prior experience
believe in experiential, self-directed learning
should understand what learners bring to the table in terms of prior knowledge and interests.
Andragogy
pioneered by Malcolm Knowles
Adult learn differently than younger learners do
• Are self-directed and self-motivated
• Are more practical in their learning goals and objectives, and
• Learn better when respected
six principles developed by Ruth Colvin Clark
Principle 1: Multimedia Principle
you should use both text and graphics
Principle 2: Contiguity Principle
text should appear near graphics
Principle 3: Modality Principle
eLearning courses should have audio narration instead of on-screen text
Principle 4: Redundancy Principle
eLearning courses should not have both on-screen text and audio added to the multimedia presentation. When there is a visual illustration on the screen, it is best to avoid audio narration of the text. On the other hand, when there are no visual illustrations, the information should be presented as both text and audio
Principle 5: Coherence Principle
non-essential visuals, text, and sounds should be avoided
Principle 6: Personalization Principle
you should use a conversational style when scripting eLearning courses