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Summary About Advanced Topics - Coggle Diagram
Summary About Advanced Topics
Conditionals
Zero conditional
(sentence with a conjugated verb in the present simple) + if + Condition (sentence with a conjugated verb in the present simple).
Example:
If you mix red and blue, you get purple .
First conditional
(sentence with verb in infinitive) + will + if + Condition (sentence with conjugated verb in present simple).
Example:
If everyone agrees, we will go to Spain next year .
Third conditional
(sentence with a conjugated verb in the past) + would have + if + Condition (sentence with a conjugated verb in the past perfect).
Example:
If I had studied medicine, I would have been a surgeon today
Second conditional
(sentence with verb in infinitive) + would + if + Condition (sentence with verb conjugated in past simple).
Example:
If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
Report speech
Past
To be Pas→Pas Perf
(D.S) "I was in my house my wife", tom said
Pas. Simp→Pas Perf
(R.S) Tom said that ve had benn in his house with his wife
Pas. Perf→Pas Perf
(D.S) "Amanda has to work tomorrow", I said
Coul→had been able to
(R.S) "I said Amanda had to work tomorrow the next day
Present
Pre. Simp→Pas. Simp
(R.S) "My mom said i would go with her to the doctor
Pre. Perf→Pas. Perf
(D.S) "They couldn´t do it", he told me
To be Pre→To be Pas
(D.S) "You will go with me to the doctor", My mom said
Can→Could
(R.S) He told me they couldn´t/ hadn´t been able to do it
Future
Will→Would
(D.S) "She has sung this song twice", she said that to me
Going to→To be pre/pas
(R.S) She said tome she has/had sung this song twice
Wish
Wish with would
Example:
I wish he wouldn’t shout so much
Wish with perfect past
Example:
I wish I had paid more attention.
Wish with infinitive
Example:
We do not wish anyone else to be hurt
Hope
hope + to + infinitivo
Example:
We hope to see that film on Friday.
hope + that+ person + presente, pasado o futuro
Example:
I hope that you will come visit me this weekend.
Active and Passive
Active voice
SUBJECT + TRANSITIVE VERB + DIRECT OBJECT
Example:
My mum cooks chilaquiles every Friday.
Passive voice
DIRECT OBJECT + VERB TO BE + VERB IN PARTICIPLE + PREPOSITION BY + SUBJECT
Example:
The car is washed by my dad every Friday .