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light - Coggle Diagram
light
colour
Here are the seven colours of the spectrum listed in order of their frequency, from the lowest frequency (fewest waves per second) to the highest frequency (most waves per second):
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light
Light travels as waves. These are transverse waves, like the ripples in a tank of water. The direction of vibration in the waves is at 90° to the direction that the light travels.
Light travels extremely quickly. Its maximum speed is approximately 300,000,000 m/s, when it travels through a vacuum.
The very large difference between the speed of light in air (almost 300,000,000 m/s) and the speed of sound in air (343 m/s) explains why you:
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refraction
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Light waves change speed when they pass across the boundary between two substances with a different density, such as air and glass. This causes them to change direction, an effect called refraction.
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the light slows down going into a denser substance, and the ray bends towards the normal
the light speeds up going into a less dense substance, and the ray bends away from the normal
parts of a wave
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wavelength - distance covered by a full cycle of the wave, usually measured from peak to peak, or trough to trough
time period - the time taken for a full cycle of the wave, usually measured from peak to peak, or trough to trough
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em spectrum
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Microwaves Cooking, mobile phones
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reflection
the angle of reflection is 30° if the angle of incidence is 30°
the angle of reflection is 90° if the angle of incidence is 90°
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the dashed line is called the normal, drawn at 90° to the surface of the mirror
the angle of incidence, i, is the angle between the normal and incident ray
the angle of reflection, r, is the angle between the normal and reflected ray
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