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energy transfers - Coggle Diagram
energy transfers
specific heat capacity
When materials are heated, the molecules gain kinetic energy and start moving faster. The result is that the material gets hotter.
Different materials require different amounts of energy to change temperature. The amount of energy needed depends on:
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It takes less energy to raise the temperature of a block of aluminium by 1°C than it does to raise the same amount of water by 1°C. The amount of energy required to change the temperature of a material depends on the specific heat capacity of the material.
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heating and cooling
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Heating can occur by conduction, radiation or convection.
conduction
Conduction is where energy is transferred by the vibrating particles in a substance. The energy is transferred from a hotter region to a cooler region.
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Materials which transfer energy easily from a hot area to a cooler area by conduction are called conductors. Metals are very good conductors.
covection
A fluid is a substance that can flow. Both liquids and gases are fluids.
The particles in a fluid can move around from one place to another.
radiation
All objects transfer energy to their surroundings by infrared radiation. The hotter the object, the more infrared radiation it emits.
Infrared radiation is a type of electromagnetic wave. Unlike conduction and convection, there are no particles involved. This means that energy can be transferred by radiation when there are no particles, like the vacuum of space.
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power
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If you have a device that has a power rating of 100 watts, this means that 100 joules of energy are transferred each second.
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