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gender differences in achievement (boys) - Coggle Diagram
gender differences in achievement (boys)
literacy
gender gap is the result of poorer literacy and language skills
affecting boys performance across a wide range of subjects
A02
parents spend less time reading to their sons
A02
mothers doing most of the reading, children seeing reading as a feminine activity
boys' leisure activities, such as football, does little to help develop their language and communication skills
girls tend to have a 'bedroom culture' centred on staying in and talking with friends
globalisation and the decline of traditional men's jobs
a decline in heavy industries such as mining and shipbuilding
these sectors traditionally dominate by men
mitsos + browne :
claims that this decline has led to a male 'identity crisis'
more boys now believe they have little prospect of getting a proper job - undermining their motivation and self-esteem and so give up with school
A03
these jobs require few qualifications, so motivation should not be affected
globalisation has led to manufacturing industries to be relocated to developing countries,
A02
like china, in order to take advantage of cheap labour
feminisation of education
A02
schools do not nurture 'masculine' traits such as competitiveness
sewell
schools celebrate qualities associated with girls, like attentiveness
shortage of male teachers
"only 14% of school teachers are male"
most boys surveyed said the presence of a male teacher made them behave better and work harder
male teachers are better able to impose discipline needed
A03
2/3 of primary school students believed that the gender of teachers does not matter
'laddish' subcultures
francis :
boys were more concerned about being labelled gay by peers - this label threatened their masculinity
in w/c culture, masculinity is linked with being tough and doing manual work
w/c boys rejected school to avoid being called gay
non-manual work was seen as effeminate
the moral panic of boys
argue that policies to promote girls' education are no longer needed, argue that girls 'have it all' and are taking men's jobs
moral panic reflects a fear that underachieving w/c boys will grow up to be a dangerous unemployable underclass, which threatens social stability