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Political Parties - Coggle Diagram
Political Parties
Political parties
Left-wing:
- left-wing political ideas are those associated with a desire to introduce change into the political system.
- left-wing ideas look to make society more equal and favor the group solution above the individual and thus support state intervention and collectivism.
- they are usually associated with welfare, economic intervention, and wealth distribution.
Features:
- parties aim to become a government by putting candidates up for election and mobilizing support.
- parties are organized bodies with a formal membership
- parties typically adopt a broad-issue focus, addressing major issues of government policy.
- to varying degrees, parties are united by shared political preferences and a shared ideological identity
Functions:
- Representation: they represent the views and beliefs of large sections of society and act in their interest.
- Participation: parties enable individuals to participate effectively in the political process, and influence the decisions that affect their lives.
- Elections: they offer the electorate choice in elections.
- Government: they hold government office and run the country.
- Organisation: they organize and bring together a variety of demands into a coherent political program.
- Education: parties educate and inform the general public.
Right-wing:
- right-wing political ideas emphasize a widespread acceptance of the status quo and the need for stability in society.
- right-wing ideas seek to give individuals more freedom and favor the individual in preference to the group and thus favor the market and individualism.
- they would therefore support low taxes, limited welfare, and free-market economies.
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The Labour Party today
Brown 2007-2010:
- when Brown took over from Blair, he attempted to recreate the party in his image.
- he was committed to social justice, despite this, he was involved in a dispute with his party over abolishing the 10p tax rate, which could've affected the poorest in society.
- his short premiership will be known for 2 things:
- presiding over and handling the bank collapse of 2008
- his unpopularity with the public and constant threats of coups and leadership challenges from within his party
- he failed to form a coalition government with the Lib Dems after the 2010 election and resigned as PM, this led to the 1st peacetime coalition between the Conservatives and Lib Dems in UK history
Miliband 2010-2015:
- in 2010 Miliband won the Labour leadership at the age of 40, infamously beating his older brother to the leadership.
- Miliband was left an uncomfortable legacy for a party with a reputation for being involved in an unnecessary war and economic incompetence after the recession in 2008.
- he never succeeded in personally endearing himself to the electorate, it was seen as crucial to appeal to both middle and working classes to win a majority, as Blair had demonstrated.
- Miliband struggled to balance his more left-wing views with a desire to appeal to the center ground.
Corbyn 2015-2020:
- the Labour Party under Corbyn took a sharp turn to the left, in 2017, it supported left-wing policies, including;
- the re-nationalization of water, railways, and Royal Mail and regulation of the energy market.
- the reintroduction of the 50p tax rate.
- an increase in corporation tax.
- the establishment of a National Investment Bank with £250bn for infrastructure.
- the re-introduction of maintenance grants for university students and the abolition of tuition fees.
- however, the manifesto also included:
- support for Trident's renewal
- a commitment to spend 2% of GDP on defense in line with NATO.
- as the party moved towards the left, moderate and Blairite MPs found themselves out of place in their former home.
- many quit, some went to chair select committees, and a few retired or resigned themselves to the role of ex-MPs
Momentum:
- Momentum is an organization credited with mobilizing supporters online and on the doorstep during the 2017 election campaign.
- it was founded by Lansman and Klug, they built Momentum into a movement to support the pro-Corbyn wing of Labour local branches and made links with the unions to provide funding and infrastructure.
- Momentum is peopled by young activists, who focus on incentive social media messages, youthful protest and the organizational power of the unions appears to be a winning combination.
- critics of the group claim its activists have taken over constituency Labour parties and stirred up trouble against sitting MPs who are critical of Corbyn.
- as of January 2018, Momentum had 35,000 activists and 15 members of staff.
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