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Energy - Coggle Diagram
Energy
Energy in the home
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radiation – when energy is transferred as a wave, for example as light or sound.
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Generating electricity
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Much of the energy that is transferred in our homes is supplied by electricity. There are a wide range of energy resources used to generate electricity.
Energy resources are systems that can store large amounts of energy. Energy resources can be divided into two categories: Renewable resources - energy resources that can be replenished. They do not run out although we are using them AND Non-renewable resources - energy resources that cannot be replenished. These resources will eventually run out because we are using them.
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Energy calculations
When energy is stored within a system, equations can be used to quantify how much is stored.
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As an object is lifted, work is done against the force of gravity. The higher the object, the more energy is in the gravitational potential energy store .
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Energy in the gravitational potential energy store (Ep) = mass (m) x gravitational field strength (g) x height (h)
Ep = m x g x h
What is combustion?
Combustion is another name for burning.
In a combustion reaction, fuel is burned and reacts with oxygen to release energy.
In a combustion reaction, a fuel is heated and it reacts with oxygen.
The fire triangle summarises the three things needed for combustion - a fuel, heat and oxygen. If one of these things is removed from a fire, the fire goes out.
When fuels burn in combustion reactions, they release useful thermal energy (heat). Combustion reactions are used to heat our homes, power most cars, and to generate a lot of our electricity.
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Oxidation reactions
An oxidation reaction is one where a substance reacts with oxygen and produces oxides. An oxide is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula. Combustion is an example of an oxidation reaction.
Many fuels contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. These fuels burn to produce oxides, carbon dioxide and water. Water, H₂O, is dihydrogen monoxide. Carbon dioxide, CO₂, is a greenhouse gas that causes global warming.
Combustion reactions can be investigated in a science lab. If you are working with combustion it's important to work safely. To work safely, you need to identify hazards, eliminate them, or if this isnt possible, control the risk.
The word equation for the combustion of butane is, butane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water.
The symbol equation for the combustion of butane is, C₄H₁₀ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
