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Ecology of the Community - Coggle Diagram
Ecology of the Community
Need for Community
Psychological
Practical
Economic
Community structured to have 5 functions:
Production, distribution, consumption
Socialization
Social Control
Social Participation
Mutual Support
The imagery of the neighborhood we grew up in involves people who lived there:
How did they earn a living?
How did the people in our community instill in us their normals/values?
How did our community enforce its rules?
How did the people in our neighborhood community socialize with one another?
How did the people in our neighborhood community help one another?
Factors that make a community family-friendly:
Child Care
Recreation
Community Safety
Citizen Involvement
Physical Environment (clean, safe, attractive, well cared for)
Employment opportunities (good jobs, economic growth)
Cost of living
Neighborhood quality (housing affordability, good government, cultural opportunities, etc.)
Education
Physical factors of community which affect how people behave:
Population density & composition
Noise
Community Design
Play settings
Social/personal Factors:
Neighborhood Setting
Patterns of Community Interaction
Size of community
Social diversity
Shared norms
Valued types of social relationships
Basic Social Relationships
Gemeinschaft
Mutually dependent, caring, informal, intimate, trusting, kin, friends, neighbors, collectively oriented
Gesellschaft
Independent, contractual, formal, associative, mistrusting, business associates, employers/managers, employees, individually oriented
Community services necessary for many reasons:
Increasing population
Changing nature of the family
Increasing urbanization of communities
Agencies providing services:
Public agencies
Private agencies
Combination agencies
Categories of community services:
Preventive services
Seeks to lessen stresses/strains of life resulting from social/technological changes & to avert problems
Supportive Services
Programs which maintain health, education, welfare of the community
Rehabilitative Services
Programs that enable/restore people's ability to participate in the community
Child welfare services provide:
Economic/personal aid to children living in their own homes
Foster care for children who have no homes or can't remain with their families
Institutional care when children can't be placed in foster home & can't remain with families
Types of Care for Children:
Protective Care- Usually happens at the result of abuse being reported (by teacher, doctor, etc.)
Child Care: Typically used most when parents are employed. Usually offered mostly to children 2-5.
Foster Care: Provided for children who have been neglected/abused. They need protection, or need a temporary place to stay.
Adoption: Social/legal process where a child becomes a permanent member of the adopting family.
Rehabilitative Services:
Correction: Provided to those who have difficulty abiding by rules/laws of community.
Mental Health: May be referred by teachers, doctors, courts, etc. They may have behavioral issues or be withdrawn.
Special Needs: Services for those with disabilities emphasize/prioritize inclusion.
NCC's 9 Recommendations:
Ensuring income security
Improving health
Increasing educational achievement
Preparing adolescents for adulthood
Strengthening & supporting families
Protecting vulerable children/and their families
Making policies/programs work
Creating a moral climate for children
Providing financing for programs
Meeting children's needs in emergencies:
Physical health
Trauma
Mental health
Emergency medical services/transport
Disaster case management
Disaster preparedness for child care, education, welfare, juvenile justice.
Sheltering standards, services, supplies
Housing
Evacuation/reunification
Federal programs which attempt to alleviate poverty:
Termporary assistance for needy families (TANF)
Unemployment compensation
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Veterans' benefits
Social security survivor or disability benefits
Child Nutrition services
5 Factors which have contributed to more families being in poverty:
Inadequate preschool education, public education, job training
Growth of the number of female-headed households (divorce, out of wedlock births)
Inability of parents to earn high enough wages
Persistently high rate of unemployment among parents
Inadequate budgets in government programs
Government programs promoting children's health:
Medicaid
Maternal/child health services
Centers for disease control
Child nutrition programs
Government programs providing support to families:
Child welfare services
Social services block grants (Title XX)
Child & adolescent service system program
How can communities help optimize children's development:
Establish local commission for children/families
Establish neighborhood family center
Foster community projects
Combat alcohol, drugs, violence
Foster youth participation in local policy boards
Plan communities to consider the children which will grow up in them.
Ongoing children's advocacy groups:
Children's defense fund (CDF)
Child welfare league of America (CWLA)
National Congress of Parents & Teachers (NCPT)