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METAL AND ALLOY INSUSTRY, FATIINI BINTI ABD HADI, 2019456238, ED2606A -…
METAL AND ALLOY INSUSTRY
Minerals
The substances (element or compounds) that
make up rocks
How to extract?
Surface (open pit) mining
Placer mining
Underground mining
In-situ mining
Industrial mineral
Widely available
Abundant
Rare
Extracting Metals
Least reactive metals
Physical methods
Less reactive metals
Carbon reduction
Zinc extraction
Common iron ores
haematite (Fe2O3)
magnetite (Fe3O4)
Very reactive metals
metals above in the electrochemical series
Aluminium ore (bauxite)
electrolysis process
can produce very pure metals
Purifying the aluminium oxide
The Bayer Process
Precipitation of aluminium hydroxide
Reaction with NaOH solution
Formation of pure aluminium oxide
Conversion of Al2O3 into aluminium by electrolysis
Alloys
Alloys (Iron)
Wrought iron
Mild steel
Cast iron
High carbon steel
Special Steel
Titanium steel
Manganese steel
Stainless steel
Alloys (copper)
Boilers and heat exchangers
Making brass
Domestic plumbing
Coinage
Electrical wiring
ALLOYS (Aluminium)
Saucepans
Overhead power cables
Aircraft
other transport such as
ships' superstructures,
FATIINI BINTI ABD HADI
2019456238
ED2606A