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WATER, . - Coggle Diagram
WATER
SUPPLY
underground water sources
aquifers (rocks containing water)
reservoirs
rivers
WATER FROM THE NATURAL SOURCES CONTAINS SUBSTANCES
metal compounds
harmful microbes
nitrates from fertilizers
phosphates from fertilizers and detergents
dissolved oxygen
all these substances aren't necessarily harmful but if not treated, the impurities mixed in them can lead to diseases like cholera and typhoid
plastics, sewages
USES
Hydroelectric power stations to generate electricity
As a first raw material for many processes
Industries use huge amounts of water as a coolant.
A necessity for a normal lifestyle
Drinking, cooking and washing
General sanitation
In car radiators
For gardens and plants
TESTS TO CHECK IF WATER IS PRESENT :
Anhydrous copper(II) sulphate turns white to blue when water is added
Cobalt(II) chloride turns blue to pink when water is added.
SUBSTANCES DISSOLVED IN WATER THAT ARE
HARMFUL
.
some metal compounds can be toxic
plastics harm aquatic life
sewage contains harmful microbes
nitrates and phosphates lead to deoxygenation of water and damage to aquatic life
BENEFICIAL
some metal compounds often provide minerals
dissolved oxygen for aquatic life
WATER TREATMENT
Untreated water contains soluble and insoluble impurities.I
For the smaller particles which filtration couldn't separate, chlorination is used. Chlorine is added to the water supply which kills bacteria and other micro-organisms. This would increase the pH of the water so an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide is added to it.
Filtration is the process used to remove large insoluble particles by passing the water through layers of sand and gravel filters that trap larger particles
Carbon is also added to remove tastes and odours
.