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THE DOUBLE IN ENGLISH LITERATURE, ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON - Coggle Diagram

- - - - his most famous works are: The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891); The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898), The Happy Prince and other Tales (1888), Lady Windermere’s Fan (1892).
  - - - Art is used only to celebrate beauty and the sensorial pleasures
      - Virtue and vice are employed by the artist in his art
      - The artist is the creator of beautiful things
  - - - The importance of beauty and appearance
      - the portrait as a means of keeping ageless beauty and youth.
      - The picture is Dorian’s double: it stands for the dark side of Dorian’s personality.
    - - the picture could be seen as a symbol of the immorality and bad conscience of the Victorian middle class.
      - The picture, illustrates Wilde’s theories of art: art survives people, art is eternal.
      - Every excess must be punished and no one can escape reality.
    - - LORD HENRY WOTTON, an amoral aesthete, he expresses criticism of institutions.
      - BASIL HALLWARD is an intellectual who falls in love with Dorian’s beauty and innocence
      - DORIAN represents the ideal of youth, beauty and innocence.
    - - The painter Basil Hallward makes a portrait of a beautiful young man, Dorian Gray
      - it is set in London at the end of the 19th century.
      - Dorian wants eternal youth and he only lives for pleasure
      - at the and Dorian kills the paiter and than he kills himself wile attempting to free himself of the portrait
    - - The perspective adopted is internal
      - there are a lot of paradoxes and dialogues
      - The story is told by an obtrusive third-person narrator.
      - The characters reveal themselves through what they say or what other people say of them
- - - - A lot of artists were unconventional, they pursued sensation and excess and they cultivated art and beauty
      - Consequently, French artists withdrew from the political and social scene and "fled" into aesthetic isolation, in what Gautier called "Art for Art's Sake".
      - The Aesthetic Movement developed in universities and intellectual circles in the last decades of the nineteenth century.
      - It begins in France with Théophile Gautier and reflects the artist's sense of frustration and uncertainty, he reacted against the materialism and the restrictive moral code of the bourgeoisie
    - - Walter Pater is considered the theorist of the aesthetic movement in England.
      - The main implication of this new aesthetic position was that art had no reference to life, and therefore had nothing to do with morality and did not need to be didactic.
      - His Studies in the History of the Renaissance and his masterpiece Mario l'Epicurean were immediately successful, especially among young people, for their subversive and potentially "demoralizing" message.
      - The artist's task was to feel sensations, to be attentive to the "attractive", the "graceful".
      - He thought that life should be lived in the spirit of art, that is to say "like a work of art", filling every passing moment with an intense experience, experiencing all kinds of sensations.