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COGNITIVE KEY QUESTION- how can knowledge on memory help support…
COGNITIVE KEY QUESTION- how can knowledge on memory help support individuals with dementia?
AO2- application/explain
Reconstructive memory
The Dementia village- Hogeway (a care home in the Netherlands for elderly with extreme dementia)
each different parts of the village corresponds to a different set of schemas
the areas include things like cultural areas, urban areas, and upper areas, as well as more areas.
depending on the way someone grew up, their schemas will correspond to an area of the village and find it easier to remember thugs like episodes and procedures
allows dementia patients to be active fit and live a mostly normal life
waiters and shopkeepers are nurses so they can be kept an eye on
Jogging your memory- a person will have a schema relation to a room or area due to experiences- this includes such as putting an object somewhere or spending time with someone- by retracing their steps, they will recall the rest of their schema, however it may be inaccurate due to nature of schemas warping information to individuals expectations
AO1- describe
cost
families affected emotionally by someone living with dementia
they also pay 2/3rds of the annual cost along with the individual with dementia to receive help
why should it be studied?
currently no cure
find effective ways to help people living with dementia, slowing the process down
why is it an issue?
increasing numbers of people living with dementia
over 55 million people with dementia
1 in 3 people over the age of 65 die of dementia
dementia- the overall term for the loss of cognitive functioning (thinking, memory and reasoning) to an extent where it affects a person's daily life
WMM
avoid the same tasks- WMM suggests that it is difficult to perform two of the same task at the same time (visual and verbal) as performance is reduced- when presenting information to dementia patients it is best for there to be no distractions and only one person speaking at a time so they can understand better
using words and rhymes- people with dementia can remember people's names better when they rehearse it- by doing this it goes through the phonological loop and strengthens it, meaning it can enter long term memory easier through the central executive
using mental pictures- picture things in their mind goes into the visuospatial sketchpad- if they're hearing the same thing alongside the mental imaging, there is stimulation in both the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad- both lead into the central executive so they go into long term memory more easily, helping them to retain information better
MSM
breaking memory down into smaller chunks- STM can remember 5-9 chunks of information- giving dementia patients that amount of information can help memories go into long term memory easier
writing information on paper- duration in STM store is said to last up to 30 seconds- some dementia patients may forget what has just been said to them and they have problems with encoding messages- writing things down works as a way of replacing their STM store