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CRITISM AGAINST THE HADITH - Coggle Diagram
CRITISM AGAINST THE HADITH
HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
19th CENTURY
William Muir
Ignaz Goldziher
Aloy Sprenger
C.S. Hurgronje
Gustav Veil
Henri Lammens
20th CENTURY
Harald Motzki
G.H.A. Juynboll
Joseph Schacht
CRITISM ON MATN
Goldziher
Reasons to reject Hadith
There are many contradictory traditions
The apparent proliferation of hadith in later can be seen through reproduction of fabricated hadith
The term used in the isnads implies orals transmission, not written sources
The fact that younger Companions of Muhammad seem to have known more about him than the older Companions who presumably knew the Prophet for a greater length of time
The material found in later collections makes no references to earlier written collections
Theory of Fabrication
Communal or historical agenda
Political agenda
Sectarian agenda
Legal agenda
Anachronism & Principle of Analogy
CRITISM ON SANAD
Joseph Schacht
‘back-growth’ of isnad
Muwatta' of Malik
Common Link Theory
Definition: The transmitter that spreads out the hadith to more chains of transmission and is responsible for fabricating this isnad back to the Prophet.
argumentum e silentio
Letter of Al-Hassan Al-Basri
SIMILARITIES & DIFFERENCE (Goldziher & Joseph Schacht)
SIMILARITIES
Skeptical approach
DIFFERENCE
Goldziher
Focused on political propaganda and sectarian agenda
Examined the matn of hadith to determine when and why they were forged/fabricated
Schacht
Focused on the function of hadiths in Islamic law
Examined the isnad and the diachronic tradition of hadith collection and its use
