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J S Bach: 3rd Movement from Brandenburg Concerto no.5 in D major - Coggle…
J S Bach: 3rd Movement from Brandenburg Concerto no.5 in D major
Melody
Basso continuo - continuous bass played by left hand harpsichord and low strings.
Harpsichord plays figured bass. the bass part is annotated with musical shorthand indicating the chord to be played above the notes, which in turn gives a clue about any melody that should be realised by the player. bar 30
Sequences used, ascending and descending
Scalic patterns on harpischord
Stretto - subjects overlap - tension and excitement bar 220
Melody varies in section B
Bar 128 - Violin and flute play in unison
Tonality and Harmony
D major in section As
B minor in section B
Brief change to A major - dominant in bar 17
D sharp signals change to E major in bar 23
Bar 35 perfect cadence back to D major
Passing modulations in bar 55
Bar 77 perfect cadence into D major
Bar 97 - F sharp minor
Bar 155 - E minor
Bar 161 - B minor
F sharp pedal prepares for perfect cadence fo B minor bar 217
Perfect cadence into B minor, bar 231, then into D major, bar 233 and signals section A
Dynamics
Terraced dynamics used here. soft when few instruments play and loud when lots of instruments play.
No dynamics written or any crescendos or diminuendos.
Tempo, metre and rhythm
Fast slow fast movements
Gigue dance rhythm - 2 beats of triplet quavers in bar
Fast tempo
in 2/4 time
Dotted rhythms
Use of triplets - dance like quality - gigue
Texture
Mainly fugal and contrapuntal when flute enters in bar 3-9, 4 part counterpoint in bar 10-29
Passages of homophonic and monophonic texture.
bar 29, all ripieno joins in and the texture is polyphonic/contrapuntal
Dialogue between flute and violin bar 59
Less instruments in section b - lighter texture
Bar 128 - all instruments join back in
Bar 162 - Harpsichord solo
Structure
Played in 2 groups called concertino and ripieno.
Ripieno is the large orchestral accompaniment
Concertino is is the smaller group of soloists, harpsichord, flute and violin.
Ternary form ABA
Ornamentation
Extended use of trills
Instrumentation
Concertino - flute, violin harpsichord
Ripieno - orchestra
Harpsichord - Soloist, part of continuo, realising figured bass, completing harmony, directing ensemble
Context
Wrote 6 concertos
All examples of concerto grosso which means for more than one soloist.