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the earth and its plax system e in the solor - Coggle Diagram
the earth and its plax system e in the solor
The Earth is around 4.6 billion years old!! In the beginning it was thought to be a hot,
liquid rock, surrounded by poisonous gases and deadly radiation. There have been
so many changes since then, but we now have a planet that is suitable for life, with
many different climates and landscapes.
500 years ago people thought that the Earth was the centre of the Universe and that
the world was flat.
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A man called Galileo, an Italian scientist, improved the telescope and then went on
to prove that the Earth was round. People were so unhappy with him that he was
almost killed for this.
Our knowledge since then has improved and expanded. We know that the earth is
round and so are all the other planets. We have the ability to take photographs from
outer space using satellites and have very advanced telescopes.
As the Earth moves around its orbit, it reaches 2 points during the year where the tilt
of its axis causes it to be upright relative to the Sun. These days are known as
equioxes. During these equinoxes the rays of the Sun shine directly on the Equator.
Days and nights are equal. This happens on approximately 21 st March and 21 st
September.
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The sun is the centre of the solar system. The sun is just a very hot star. Our solar
system has 8 planets. (Pluto is no longer considered to be a planet, it is now called a
‘dwarf planet’) This group of planets lies amongst a vast mass of stars called a
galaxy. The galaxy is just a small part of the entire Universe.
The universe is really unimaginable.
Planets move around the sun along their paths called orbits. The planet nearest the
sun (Mercury) moves around it quickly. The planet furthest away (Neptune) will take
longer. All the planets move in the same direction around the sun. They orbit the sun
When the sun appears to be over the Tropics this is called a solstice. There are
times of the year when the sun does not appear overhead at the Tropics. This is
because the Earth is constantly moving.
December Solstice (21 st December)
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The earth does not move in space in an upright position. It is permanently tilted at
23½°. Because the earth also moves around the sun at this angle we get different
seasons. If the earth were not tilted there would be no seasons. Places in the tropics
would always be very hot. Places near the Poles would never have any real summer.
They would always be cold.
Use your compass and protractor to draw a sketch of the Earth tilted at 23½°.