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Project Management and Distance Education. - Coggle Diagram
Project Management and Distance Education.
why distance education
The boom of Distance Education.
The ways to learn online are diverse:
– Structured programs in asynchronous mode, with the help of teachers, tutors, forums, and group work, also called e-learning mode.
– Synchronous programs, dictated in real time with the teacher live via streaming.
– 100% online self-instructional programs, where the student manages his time and organizes himself according to his own objectives.
– And, finally, it is always possible to learn alone, searching the internet for videos, tutorials and the like, since there are plenty of available materials.
Advantages and disadvantages for institutions and companies that wish to implement the modality.
Here, we offer you 6 reasons why people choose this teaching method:
Freedom of choice
Autonomy in schedules
Saving time and money
More time dedicated
Custom Advance
Flexibility of study place
drawbacks
It requires a greater investment of time.
It requires that both teachers and students have minimum technological skills.
It requires that the student have skills for autonomous learning.
In general, it requires more effort than conventional training, which sometimes results in low-quality courses and content.
Innovative markets for continuing professional education and training.
continuous training of university teachers
Continuous training occurs when the profession is being practiced (Delors et al, 1997), with the main or exclusive purpose of improving knowledge, skills and/or professional attitudes, so that they can teach with greater quality or efficiency ( Nieto and Alfageme, 2017).
On the other hand, continuous training may have official degree recognition (master's or doctorate, for example), in which case it is also qualified as "formal", while, if it does not have said endorsement, it is considered "non-formal". (Yuren, 2005).
Design of an EaD project: Management areas.
Phase I. Analysis of the educational problem
Phase II. Justification and objectives of the project
Phase III. Project Prospects Proposal
Phase IV. Pedagogical, operational and economic planning
Phase V. Projection of expected results
Phase VI. Continuous evaluation and monitoring of the project
Teaching and learning in a virtual campus
How to learn and teach in a virtual campus.
Methodology for education in virtuality
It is not about opening the doors of the university, it is about bringing the university to each student's home.
The student-centered UOC model is based on four pillars:
— Flexibility, in response to adapting to the diverse needs of a diverse student.
— Cooperation, since students are not alone in their learning process.
— Personalization, which facilitates the individual treatment of the training needs of each student.
— Interactivity, evident in the virtual learning environment that we call the Virtual Campus, is the basis on which training relationships are established at the UOC.
New pedagogical models applied to the virtual.
Distance education: We can define distance education as the educational modality that, mediating most of the time the pedagogical relationship between those who teach and those who learn "through different means and strategies, allows establishing a particular form of institutional presence beyond its traditional geographic and population coverage, helping to overcome problems of time and space” (Mena, 1996).
Virtual education: Currently, with practically unlimited access to information and using the Internet and computer equipment accessible to the community, when referring to educational dynamics in recent years, we agree with Mena (2015) that "virtualization and digitization of teaching processes is the most significant innovation at all educational levels”.
Extended classrooms: Extended learning is a proposal whose center is given by the meeting between teachers and students on a frequent basis. In other words: it is a proposal for face-to-face education. What "extended" means is that the use of digital technology extends the possibilities of the class in terms of finding resources, interacting with the teacher and other students, preparing for exams, etc.
Peculiarities of adult education.
Characteristics of the adult learner
• Is able to self-direct their learning.
• Take advantage of their wealth of experiences as a source of learning.
• Seek education to improve your skills, your status or find a new job.
• Requires a model that allows flexibility of time and space.
• Seek to study what you really want and that suits your idiosyncrasy.
• apply immediately in your daily life and work.
Cooperative and collaborative learning.
Cooperative learning: "It is a carefully designed system of interactions that organizes and induces reciprocal influence among team members."
“Cooperative work promotes the establishment of a link between the members of the group, which encourages help, equitable participation, the individual responsibility of each of the participants, the processing of the result by the group and the development of interpersonal skills. related to encouraging, asking for help, offering explanations, seeking understanding, debating, solving problems or 'criticizing' ideas without criticizing individuals”.
Teaching design. Materials and resources for EAD
How to plan teaching for an online environment.
The planning includes:
• The exploration of prior knowledge or initial situation of the participants.
• The recognition of the potentialities and limitations of the material means, the didactic material, the infrastructure and the different tools and services offered by the virtual environment to develop actions that guarantee interactive and meaningful learning.
• The characteristics of time, space, means and teaching team.
• Self-regulation of learning by the student and collaborative work.
• Spaces for socialization, communication and interaction.
The material production equipment.
In this phase, the EVEA is executed or managed, in accordance with the following considerations:
• Promotion of the participation and commitment of students with the support of multimedia supports for consultation, communication and learning.
• Constant and immediate feedback regarding concerns expressed by students/participants in order to strengthen autonomous learning.
• Detection of obstacles that oppose learning and generating strategies to overcome them.
• Support for metacognitive activities of self-regulation and control of the tele-learner subject over their own learning.
Steps and sequences in instructional design.
Regardless of whether it is a face-to-face or online course, it is important that you take into account the following to reach that efficiency:
Establish a good needs analysis procedure:
Clearly define the objectives and goals:
Properly select the contents:
Clearly establish learning strategies, depending on the selected modality:
Selection and evaluation of materials.
The selection criteria of the curricular materials that have been taken into account by the cycle team are the following:
Adaptation to the educational context of the center.
Correspondence of the objectives promoted with those stated in the Curriculum Project.
Adaptation to the center's evaluation criteria.
Clarity and graphic and expository amenity.
The existence of other resources that facilitate educational activity.
The teacher/tutor
New roles and functions of the teacher, the tutor and the student.
We return here to the enumeration made in 1993, by Schlosser & Anderson (cited by Sherry, 1996), regarding the skills that teachers who assume the role of tutor of a distance course must learn:
• Understand the nature and philosophy of distance education.
• Identify the characteristics of students from remote places.
• Design and develop interactive materials that are adapted to the technology to be used.
• Adapt instructional delivery strategies to the distance situation
• Organize instructional materials that facilitate independent study.
Keys to a good tutoring: motivation and follow-up of the student.
learn to unlearn: We advise you to unlearn. You cannot transfer to the virtual training environment what you have learned in your face-to-face experience.
great motivator: Before starting an activity, the online tutor must make clear the objectives and importance of said activity, so that the students acquire a commitment and motivation in carrying it out.
dynamize your group / scriptwriter of the dialogue: The online tutor must be in charge of starting and maintaining the conversation with the students, in benefit of the proximity that an online course can offer, against its “stigma” of coldness.
good moderator: The online tutor must generate an environment conducive to debate, sociable and friendly, but without neglecting the rules of a forum, in which different actors intervene and with many and diverse opinions that must be managed.
Selection and specific training of the tutor.
It is then, according to Saby (2012), a formative research process approached as research learning itself where the teacher fosters a research culture mediated by actions such as:
(1) Formation of teams, groups, committees and research centers in communities or networks that contribute to the university's research system.
(2) Carry out research in accordance with the standards, requirements and ethical principles recognized in the world and with due respect for the international scientific community.
(3) Promote research in students with incentives and motivations, beyond material stimuli and, with emphasis on moral recognition and prestige among the research community.
(4) Support the development and methodology of research and its novelties by offering the tools, equipment, laboratories, databases and scientific and collaboration networks so that the projects are inserted in lines of research with a focus on management of the knowledge and research tradition.
Tools for synchronous and asynchronous encounters.
Asynchronous communication tools:
• Email
• Mobile telephony messages
•Wiki
• Briefcase
• Blog
• Web quest
Synchronous communication tools:
• Chat and instant messaging
• Audio conference
• Videoconference
• Illuminate
• Communication software.
• Discussion forums
• Academic communities
Project Evaluation and Quality Control
fundamental concepts
TICKETS
Project Management Plan: Quality management plan and process improvement plan.
Quality Metrics: Describe project or product attributes and how they will be measured.
Quality checklists
• Job Performance Data: Planned, schedule, and cost technical performance versus actual.
• APPROVED Change Requests: Obtained from process 4.5 Perform Integrated Change Control.
• Deliverables: Output of the process 4.3 Direct and Manage Project Execution.
• Assets of the Organization's processes: Quality standards and policies, standard work guidelines and reporting procedures.
DEPARTURES
Quality Control Measurements: Perform Quality Assurance that reassesses and analyzes the Quality standards and procedures of the performing organization.
Validated Changes: One of the objectives of quality control is to determine the correctness of the repairs of the defects.
Job Performance Information: Consists of performance data collected from various control processes, analyzed in context, and integrated based on relationships between areas.
Change Requests: Recommended for processing through the process
Techniques and instruments for student evaluation.
Among the techniques and instruments that can be applied are the following:
INTERVIEW: Guide questions, portfolio.
SURVEY: Questionnaire.
PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT: The portfolio, class journal, discussion, essay, case study, concept map, mind map, problem solving, project, parallel text, the question.
TECHNOLOGICAL: Internet, forums, chat, social networks, youtube, email, maps, computer lab, computer, projector, computer systems.
AUDIOVISUAL AND COMMUNICATION MEDIA: Radio and television programs, audiovisual room, slide presentations, audio and video players, written press.
CONVENTIONAL: Student book, dictionary, encyclopedias, work texts, photocopies, portfolio, magazines, press, ring binders, blackboard, posters, flip charts, panels, laboratories.
por R.CH