Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

SDN, OpenFlow protocol Messages, NFV virtualizes the network hardware,…

- - - - A single point of failure damages the entire network
      - no availability and scalability.
    - - management and retrieving information would be applied from one logical point (controller) resulting uniform network.
  - - - reduce overhead
      - scalability and availability are supported
    - - Delay
      - didn't attention to consistency and compatibility.
  - - - 1-application
        
        Key function for accessing the network is (Application program interface(API ))
        
        common Northbound API
        
        Northbound API Provide connection between SDN controller and applications layer
        
        Floodlight controller (includes a Java API )
        
        (RESTFUL) APi
        
        SDMN API
        
        common southbound API
        
        Provide connection between SDN controller and infrastructure layers (Switches ...) allow the controller to configure network devices and choose the optimal network path for application traffic.
        
        1-open flow (BASIC ONE )
        
        OpenDaylight designed to support at least seven different protocols and plug-ins: OpenFlow, OVSDB [153], NETCONF [44], PCEP [43],.......
        
        2-FORCES (FORWARDING AND CONTROL ELEMENT SEPARATION) (configuration roles)
        
        3-OVSD(OPEN V SWICH DATA BASE MANAGMENT PROTOCOL) (configuration roles)
        
        East/westbound APIs, when we have distributed controllers(to transfer data between controllers),
      - 2- Network operating system(NOS)
        
        Controllers’ Platforms In SDN
        
        Open Source OpenFlow/SDN controllers
        
        NOX
        
        POX(used by developer and engineer software system)
        
        (Beacon , Ryu ....)
        
        ONOS
        
        open Daylight
        
        Closed-source OpenFlow/SDN controllers
        
        Nicira , ONIX ,HP Flare,
    - - application :it is provide api for applications to access net work
      - orchestration :provide automated control and management network resource
      - abstraction :provide abstraction of network resource (flexibility for services)
- - - - Determines how forwarding devices are Interconnected and Create a topology graph.
    - - Track all Sdn enable devices.
      - Record basic information about them
    - - Reading counter information of flow editing devices
    - - Discover where IP address and MAC addresses of hosts are located on the network
  - - - Support Higher Performance
    - - Open V Switche
  - - - Alerts of packet arrivals on network nodes
      - Providing statistics information like flow counters
      - Notifications of status changes like links going up or down
      - Packet handling instructions
    - - OVSDB
      - NETCONF
      - OpenFlow
      - SNMP
- - - - ACCESSED BY
        
        NOS SYSTEM
    - - ACCESSES BY
        
        HARD DRIVE
        
        SSD BASED HARDWARE
        
        VIRTUAL MACHINE MANAGER
        
        SDN DRIVE CONTROLLER
        
        VIRTUAL HARD DISK
        
        VHD CONTROLLETR
        
        NETWORK SYSTEMS
        
        LOGICAL NETWORK SYSTEMS
        
        PHYSICAL NETWORK SYSTEM
        
        VMWARE BASED LOGICAL SYSTEM
        
        SSL CERTIFICATE MANAGER
        
        HNV PROVIDER CONTROLLER
        
        HOST SYSTEMS
        
        VMM HOST GROUP
        
        VMM LIBRARY DESIGN
        
        SSL CERTIFICATE DESIGNER
    - - NOS SYSTEM
  - - - OPEN FLOW MODEL
        
        DATA PLANE DEVICES
        
        HARDWARE DEVICES
        
        ROUTERS
        
        CX600 SERIES
        
        MLX SERIES
        
        CX900 SERIES
        
        CHIP
        
        EZCHIP NP-4
        
        EZCHIP NP-8
        
        SWITCH
        
        BLACK DIAMOND X8
        
        NOVISWITCH 1248
        
        PF5240
        
        V330
        
        ARISTA 7150
        
        SOFTWARE DEVICES
        
        VROUTER
        
        CONTRAIL VROUTER
        
        OPEN FLOW CLICK
        
        SWITCH
        
        LINC1
        
        CONTROL PLANE DEVICES
        
        SOFTWARE DEVICES
        
        CARDS
        
        HARDWARE DEVICES
        
        OPEN FLOW SWITCHES
        
        MANAGEMENT PLANE DEVICES
        
        HARDWARE DEVICES
        
        MONITORS
        
        SOFTWARE DEVICES
        
        SST TOOLS
        
        ROUTING ZONE
        
        LOAD BALANCERS
      - SIMPLIFIED MODEL
        
        HIGH LEVEL
        
        SOFTWARE DEVICES
        
        LOAD BALANCERS
        
        FIREWALLS
        
        HARDWARE DEVICES
        
        SWITCHES
        
        CARD
        
        CHASIS
        
        LOW LEVEL
        
        CONTROL HUB
- - - - Provide equipment to process computational issues that are hunger for resources
      - improve different challenge management from different resources
      - use the virtualization services for all types of network of DC.
    - - Programmability (two hybrid)
        
        C through
        
        Enhance the ability of the network by switching circuit performance and enabling to save great bandwidth for application.
        
        Helios
        
        Enhance the ability of the network by switching circuit performance and enabling to save great bandwidth for application
      - Scalability
        
        SDDC transport flexible design including administrate, operate of cloud infrastructure.
        
        enhance networks to permit the changing system requirements
        
        Cloud employees use such as google, yeahoo processors parallel algorithms very large scale to manage the challenges of scalability.
        
        Companies use services of high performance to secure the efficient connectivity between physical servers
        
        Great scale solution for new serves
      - Security
        
        determine and minimize policy conflicts among SDN controllers.
        
        Policy matching
        
        Enhancement optimization based on the result
        
        Facilitate services management for bandwidth
      - Nteroperperability
        
        ETSI
        
        OCDA
        
        ATIS
      - Virtualization
        
        Cloud support alot of applications that could run in parallel
      - Elastic resource pooling
        
        Provide infinite resource elastic provisioned which is based on users demands
      - Availability
        
        available anywhere and anytime through broadband network
      - Easy management
        
        Applications that have storage wide are very easy to manage through the cloud
      - Low cost
        
        Cloud able to reduce the technology high cost spending for large and medium companies
      - Reliability
        
        The services very high scalable
    - - API layer
      - network orchestration layer
      - network driver layer
    - - Amazon
        
        Amazon EC2
        
        Provide capacity
        
        Amazon S3
        
        High storage on the cloud
        
        Amazon RDS
        
        Provide Database on the cloud
        
        Amazon simple DB
        
        Support the functions of database
        
        Amazon route 53
        
        Support the secure routing via the internet
        
        Amazon Elastic MapReduce
        
        Allow users to process data on the internet
        
        Amazon CloudFront
      - Google
        
        Computer Engine
        
        Operate large scale load
        
        App Engine
        
        Use platform to develop applications
        
        Cloud Storage
        
        Save any type of files
        
        Cloud SQL
        
        deals with Database
        
        Cloud Data Store
        
        Unstructured database
        
        Big Query
        
        Provide a limit services to process data
      - Microsoft
        
        Infrastructure
        
        provide scalable infrastructure
        
        Web development
        
        Provide platform to built applications
        
        Mobile Development Platform
        
        Support services to test mobile application
        
        Media
        
        create an publish all types of media
        
        Storage
        
        Store large scale date
      - Hp
        
        Hp cloud compute
        
        Hp have powerful to process and development
        
        Hp cloud storage
        
        Storage for private and public sectors
        
        Hp cloud cdn
        
        Use to deliver the data and content of network from cloud to users
        
        Hp cloud relational database
        
        Base for developvers to process database
        
        Hp cloud application platform
        
        A platform allow the company to develop through the cloud
- - - - current issues
        
        the existing distributed control panels not able to handle certain function such as working with restricted spectrum, allocation of radio resources, managing interferences, etc.
        
        demands for new services with high quality
        
        efficient content delivery
      - SDN solution benefits
        
        management and deployment of different wireless networks are made easier such as WLANs and cellular networks
        
        once hard to implement desired features such as load balancing and efficient handovers are possible now
        
        Steps to achieving those features
        
        offering programmable and stack layers for wireless networks
        
        Open Radio
        
        proposal
        
        1 more item...
        
        SoftRAN
        
        proposal
        
        1 more item...
        
        Light virtual access points (LVAP) by odin
      - Very dense heterogeneous wireless networks
        
        issues
        
        radio access network bottlenecks
        
        , control overhead
        
        high operational costs
        
        solutions
        
        dynamic two-tier SDN controller hierarchy
        
        Local
        controllers
        
        regional controllers
      - Applications
        
        creation of on-demand virtual access points
        
        load balancing
        
        downlink scheduling
        
        dynamic spectrum usage
        
        enhanced intercell
        interference coordination
    - - Classes
        
        First : Applications
        
        Function
        
        provide new functionality for other networking services'
        
        Second: Proposals
        
        Function
        
        improve features of OpenFlow based SDN
        
        Techniques
        
        stochastic
        
        deterministic packet sampling
        
        traffic matrix estimation
        
        fine-grained monitoring of wildcard rules
        
        two-stage Bloom filters
        
        special monitoring
        functions (extensions to OpenFlow)
        
        Point-to-point traffic matrix estimation
        
        Initiatives
        
        stronger
        decoupling between basic primitives (e.g matching and counting)
        
        heavier traffic analysis functions
      - data and control plane abstractions
        
        OpenSketch
        
        OpenSample
        
        PayLess
    - - challenges
        
        low latency
        
        inefficient and inflexible cross section bandwidth
        
        high energy consumption
        
        bad resource allocation
        
        not high enough resileince
        
        complexity
        
        inefficiency
      - SDN Solution benefits
        
        live network migraiton
        
        eminent failure prevention
        
        optimization of network utilization
        
        minimization of flow setup latency
        
        reduction of controller operating costs
        
        troubleshooting
        
        rapid
        deployment from development to production networks
        
        exposure of more
        networking primitives to their customers
        
        through
        
        virtual network isolation
        
        , custom addressing
        
        placement of middleboxes and virtual desktop cloud applications
        
        flexibly respond to user needs
        
        efficient operation
      - Prominent Applications
        
        Big Data Apps
        
        CloudNaas
    - - SDN Improving services
        
        access control
        
        firewalling
        
        middleboxes
        
        DoS attacks detection and mitigation
        
        random host mutation
        
        monitoring of cloud infrastructures for fine-grained
        security inspections
        
        traffic anomaly detection
        
        fine-grained flow-based network access control
        
        fine-grained policy enforcement for personal mobile
        applications
      - Approaches
        
        SDN to improve existing network security
        
        what can SDN provide?
        
        centrally managed security policies
        
        mechanisms for
        the network
        
        implementing
        consistent
        
        development of SDN security
        controllers
        
        development SDN security applications
        
        improving of SDN security itself
        
        three layer architecture that can be attacked
        
        Applciation
        
        Control
        
        Data
    - - Applications
        
        QoS enforcement
        
        QoS over heterogeneous networks
        
        load balancing
        
        Technique
        
        Wildcard
        
        concern
        
        Scalability
        
        Function
        
        simplification of placement network services in the network
        
        Divide and spread forwarding tables
        
        Multiple packet schedulers
        
        QoS
        framework
        
        Scheduling/optimization
        
        On-demand virtual private networks
        
        Energy-aware routing
        
        Dynamic QoS routing for multimedia apps
        
        Fast recovery through fast-failover groups
        
        Traffic optimizaiton
        
        ALTO
        
        ProCel
      - Objective
        
        power consumption reduction,
        
        maximizing aggregate network utilization
        
        optimized load balancing
        
        overall optimization
- - - - DEBUGGING AND TROUBLESHOOTING
        
        SDN DEBUGGINH
        
        MULTI PURPOSE PACKET HISTORY
        
        TRACING AND REPLAY
        
        INSPECT LAYER 2 PATHS
      - VERIFICATION
        
        EVALUATE OPEN FOLOW CONTROLLERS
        
        MODEL CHECKING FOR SECURITY
        
        FLOW TABLE CONFIG VERIFICATION
        
        VERIFY SDN APPS
      - SIMULATION AND EMULATION
        
        NETWORK EMULATION
        
        FAST SIMULATION
        
        NETWORK SIMULATION
        
        FAST PROTOTYPING
        
        GLOBAL NETWORK MODELLING
      - TORUBLESOOTING
      - ANALYSIS
    - - SWITCH DESIGN
        
        HETEROGENOUS IMPLEMENTATION
        
        FLOW TABLE CAPACITY
        
        PERFORMANCE
        
        NATIVE SDN SWITCH DESIGN
      - CONTROLLER PLATFORMS
        
        MODULARITY AND FLEXIBILITY
        
        HIGH AVAILABILITY
      - RESILENCE
        
        SAME LEVEL OF AVAILABILITY
      - SCALABILITY
        
        DATA PLANE
        
        CONTROL PLANE
      - PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
        
        OPEN FLOW PERFORMANCE
        
        ESTIMATION OF PERFORMANCE
      - DSECURITY AND DEPENDABILITY
        
        AUTHENTICATION
        
        INTEGRITY
        
        NON-REPUDIATION
        
        AVAILIBILITY
        
        AUTHORIZATION
    - - RESOURCE PROVISIONING
        
        RESOURCE STATICALLY PROVISIONED
        
        NO BANDWIDTH ON DEMAND
        
        LOW VIRTUALIZATION ON END
      - TRAFFIC STEERING
        
        STATICALLY CONFIGURED
        
        FIXED ONLY DATA
        
        PER NETWORK ELEM,ENT SCALLING
        
        ALL TRAFFIC SHOULD BE FILTERED
      - AD HOC TOPOLOGIES
        
        STATICALLY CONFIGURED
        
        PER NETWORK ELEMENT SCALLING
        
        MASSIVE BANDWIDTH REQUIRED
        
        ALL TRAFFIC PROBS ARE COLLECTED
      - MANAGED ROUTER SERVICES
        
        SYSTEMS COMPLX AND HARD TO INTEGERATE
        
        OPERATIONAL BURDEN TO SUPPORT THE TECHNOLOGIES
        
        MANUAL PROVISIONINS
        
        ON PREMISES ROUTER DEPLOYMENT
        
        COMPLEX CONFIGURATION AND MANAGEMENT AND UPGRADE
      - REVENUE MODELS
        
        TRAFFIC CONSUMPTION
        
        FIXED LONG TERM CONTRACTS
    - - [1] B. Raghavan et al., ‘‘Software-defined internet architecture: Decoupling architecture from infrastructure,’’ in Proc. 11th ACM Workshop Hot Topics Netw., 2012, pp. 43–48.
      - [2] D.Kreutx,P.E.Verissimo, “Software-Defined Networking: A Comprehensive Survey”, in Proceedings of the IEEE, 1 Januray,2015, page 14-76
      - [3] Rana, D. S., Dhondiyal, S. A., & Chamoli, S. K. (2019). Software defined networking (SDN) challenges, issues and solution. Int J Comput Sci Eng, 7(1), 884-889.
      - [4] Shamsan, A. H., & Faridi, A. R. (2021, August). Security Issues and Challenges in SDN. In International Conference on Advances in Cyber Security (pp. 515-535). Springer, Singapore.
      - [5] Hu, Z., Wang, M., Yan, X., Yin, Y., & Luo, Z. (2015, February). A comprehensive security architecture for SDN. In 2015 18th International Conference on Intelligence in Next Generation Networks (pp. 30-37). IEEE
- - - - OPEN FLOW IN SDN
        
        OpenFlow Tables
        
        Each switch compares
        received packet to it’s table
        
        255 tables
        
        1 more item...
        
        columns
        
        3 more items...
        
        Count
        
        Action
        
        TCP Destination port number
        
        TCP source port number
        
        Destination IP
        
        Source IP
        
        Destination MAC
        
        Source MAC
        
        OpenFlow Secured channel
        
        OpenFlow Secured channel is an
        interface connecting
        all switches
        with controller
        
        6 more items...
        
        OpenFlow Ports
        
        OpenFlow protocol uses ports
        to receive (inbound port) and
        send (output port) OpenFlow packets
        
        Logical Ports
        
        Physical Ports
        
        Reserved ports
        
        inbound port
        
        output port
        
        Network virtualization
        
        virtual networks
        
        experimental protocols.
        
        portable
        
        scalable
        
        same network infrastructure
        
        One physical network
        
        REFERENCES
        
        [1] Igor Godanj, Krešimir Nenadić, Krešimir RomićI “Simple Example of Software Defined Network, “International Conference on Smart Systems and Technologies (SST). IEEE, 2016.
        
        [2] Han’guk T’ongsin Hakhoe. and Hanʼguk Chŏnja Tʻongsin Yŏnʼguso., “Software Defined Networking: A Reference Architecture and Open APis,”International Conference on ICT Convergence : October 15-17, 2012, Ramada Plaza Jeju Hotel, Jeju Island, Korea. IEEE, 2012.
- - - - SDN: The architecture mainly focuses on data centers
        
        NFV targets at the service providers or operators.
      - 2 SDN: one set of device controlling all the other networks
        . 2 NFV: virtualize functions like load balancing, routing, and policy management by transferring network functions from dedicated appliances to virtual servers
      - 3 SDN: An Open Flow is used as a means of communication protocol.
        
        NVF: No protocol is determined as at present.
      - 4 SDN supports Open Networking Foundation. 4. NFV Is determined by ETSI NFV Working group
      - Several enterprise networking software & hardware vendors are initiative fans of SDN. 5. Telecom service providers or operators are prime initiative fans of NFV.
      - 6 SDN: Applications run on industry-standard servers or switches. 6. NFV: Applications run on industry-standard servers.
      - 7 SDN Reduces cost of network because now there is no need of expensive switches & routers. 7. NFV Increases scalability and agility as well as speed up time-to-market as it dynamically allot hardware a level of capacity to network functions needed at a particular time.
- - - - Logically centralize intelligence and control
        
        Manages of network resources
        
        enables intelligent control
      - Network programmability
        
        provides physical connectivity
        
        support new services
      - Openness
        
        it is fostering a vendor-neutral ecosystem
        
        enabling multi-vendor interoperability
      - Abstraction of the network
        
        Services and applications running on SDN technology
        
        interacts with the network through APIs
    - - References:
      - [1] N. Rani and A. Ali, “Software Defined Networking : Motivation , Challenges and Architecture,” vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 741–752, 2020.
      - [2] H. Anderson, S. Yull, and B. Hellingsworth, “Networking concepts,” Higher National Computing, pp. 236–273, 2020, doi: 10.4324/9780080472935-9.
      - [3] Diego Kreutz. Paulo Esteves Verı´ssimo ISiamak Azodolmolky, Senior EEE et al., “Software-Defined Networking : A Comprehensive Survey,” vol. 103, no. 1, 2015.
    - - SDN Terminology
        
        Forwarding Plane
        
        Packets that pass through the device use the data plane
        
        Forwarding Switch
        
        designed to make network management much easier
        
        Disaggregate network control and forwarding tasks from switches and routers.
        
        Controller
        
        SDN controllers route traffic based on network operator-set forwarding policies.
        
        Control Plane
        
        As data packets are transmitted from one place to another
        
        The process of creating a routing table
        
        Northbound Interface
        
        An interface between two network components.
        
        Southbound Interface
        
        It enables a network component to interact with a component at a lower level.
        
        Application Programming Interface API
        
        API controls network components.
        
        Application Plane
        
        The plane where applications that rely on the network to provide services for end users and processes reside.
      - SDN Standardization
        
        IEEE
        
        802
        
        Applicably of SDN to IEEE 802 infrastructure
        
        Metro Ethernet Forum
        
        The Third Network
        
        NFV Enviroment
        
        Service orchestration as a services
        
        Broadband Forum BBF
        
        Service innovation and Market requirements
        
        Impacts of deploying SDN in Broadband
        
        Internet Research Task Force IRTF
        
        Software Defined Network ResearchSDNRG Group
        
        Prospection of SDN for the evolution of internet
        
        ITU-T
        
        SG-17
        
        Security services in SDN
        
        Architectural aspects of security in SDN
        
        SG-15
        
        Supports SDN control of transport networks
        
        Specification of transport network control plane
        
        SG-13
        
        Architecture for SDN
        
        Function requirements
        
        SG-11
        
        Signaling requirements using SDN technologies
        
        Internet Engineering Task Force IETF
        
        Source Packet Routing in Networking
        
        Specification of a forwarding path at the source of traffic
        
        Path computation Element
        
        Path computation for traffic engineering and path selection
        
        Network virtualizations overlay
        
        Supports Multi-tenancy in context of data center
        
        Network Configuration
        
        Protocol specification for transferring configuration
        
        Interface to routing system
        
        Real time in IP routed network
        
        Forwarding and control element separation
        
        Protocol specification between control and forwarding elements
        
        Application Layer Traffic Optimization ALTO
        
        Provides Applications with network state information
        
        Open Network Foundation (ONF )
        
        Forward Abstruction
        
        Development of Hardware and simplification of mapping
        
        Optical Transport
        
        Simplification of SDN and control capabilities for optical transport
        
        Wireless Mobile
        
        Simplification of SDN and control capabilities for wireless transport
        
        Migaration
        
        Methods to migrate from conventional networks to SDN
        
        Market Education
        
        Dissemination of ONF initiatives in SDN and Open Flow
- - - - Fast standard hardware - Software based devices
      - Routers, Firewalls, Broadband remote access
    - - Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP), Domain name system (DNS), Content delivery network (CDN), hardware
      - Network Address Translation (NAT), Residential Gateway, Set Top Box hardware
      - Rate limiting
      - vBase stations LTE, 3G, 2G hardware
    - - virtual application is a pre- configured virtual machine image , ready to run on hypervisor virtual applications are a subset of the broader class of software appliances
      - All advantages of virtualization
        
        quick provisioning
        
        Scalability
        
        mobility
        
        Reduced CapEx and OpEx
    - - RESET based API's
- - - - Field xID
- - - - OpenFlow. An OpenFlow switch has one or more tables of packet handling rules (flow table). Each rule matches a subset of the traffic and performs certain actions (dropping, forwarding, modifying, etc.) on the traffic. Depending on the rules installed by a controller application, an OpenFlow switch can, as instructed by the controller, behave like a router, switch, firewall, or perform other roles (e.g., load balancer, traffic shaper, and in general those of a middlebox)[2]