Unconscioussness*
Ref: Acute Pediatric Neurology 2014
definitions
conscioussness
arousal
awareness
disorders of conscioussness
coma: transient state of unarousable unresonsiveness. arousal - absent, sleep/wake - absent, awareness - absent, motor function - nonpurposeful/reflexive, respiratory function - variable
persistent vegetative state: arousal - present, sleep/wake - present, awareness - absent, motor function - nonpurposeful, respiratory function - present
minimally conscious state: arousal - present, sleep/wake - present, awareness - present, limited, motor function - absent/spinal reflexes, respiratory function - present
locked in syndrome: arousal - present, sleep/wake - present, awareness - present, motor function - tetraplegia, eye movements, respiratory function - present
brain death: arousal - absent, sleep/wake - absent, awareness - absent, motor function - absent/spinal reflexes, respiratory function - absent
impaired awareness: lethargy, obtundation, stupor - imprecise, describe responses to stimuli
delirium: disturbance of consciuossness with reduced ability to focus, sustain and shift attention. Hyperactivity: confusion, excitement, hallucinations. Hypoactivity: appear somnolent
etiology
infections: meningitis, encephalitis, severe sepsis
poisoning
metabolic
seizure
drowning
intracranial haemorrhage
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy