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translation - Coggle Diagram
translation
Features of the Genetic Code
The first codon establishes the reading frame
termination codons– UAA, UGA, UAG
5’ to 3’ direction
AUG = initiation codon(Met)
nonoverlapping mRNA code
Most Amino Acids Have More Than
One Codon
“Wobble” Pairings in tRNA with mRNA
Can Occur in the Third Base
tRNAs contain Inosinate (I)
Molecular Recognition of Codons in
mRNA by tRNA
via hydrogen bonding
antiparallel
Five Stages of Protein Synthesis
Elongation
Termination and ribosome recycling
Initiation of translation
Prokaryotes
inserts N-formylmethionine
Step 1: The 30S ribosomal subunit binds IF-1, IF-2,
and IF-3 and mRNA
Step 2: fMet-tRNAfMet
joins the complex
Step 3: 50S subunit
associates
Eukaryote
eIF2 and the
charged tRNAMetwith
bound GTP join the 40S
40S subunit eIF1A and
eIF3
mRNA binds
with eIF4F
scanning of
the mRNA until AUG is found
60S subunit
associates & initiation factors
are released
Folding and posttranslational processing
Activation of amino acids
Step 2 – transfer of aminoacyl to tRNA
Step 1 − creaƟon of aminoacyl intermediate
others
Some mRNAs Are Edited Before
Protein Synthesis
rRNAs Have Complex Secondary
Structures
overview of protein synthesis
The Ribosome Is a Key Player
in Protein Synthesis
The Second Genetic Code
Matching each amino acid with correct tRNA
overview of protein synthesis