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Johan Heinrich Pestalozzi - Coggle Diagram
Johan Heinrich Pestalozzi
XVIII/XIX century didactic influencer
a Swiss reformer
laid the foundation of modern elementary education
worked with the socially excluded and the poor - orphanage
founded a famous boarding school in Yverdon
Pestalozzi's educational doctrine
education should be organic
intellectual, moral and physical development - of "head, heart and body"
education based on the self-power
inherent drive central to human nature activated in the course of education
education
the development of child's abilities through activities, which activate and exploit their self-power
in the physical field
manual work
physical exercises
in the moral field
the pursuit of moral actions
in the intellectual field
correct use of senses in observing the world and making accurate judgments
Pestalozzi's educational programme
experience must precede symbolism
focus on concrete actions and then the development of abstract thinking
first, child acquainted with the realities of life, second from practical lessons abstract thinking is developed
the curriculum should be child-centered, not subject-centered
the teacher should assist the child in his activities to discover the nature of the child
that determines the course of his education
stages of education must be related to the stages of child development