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Gender - Coggle Diagram
Gender
The role of chromosomes
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All normal egg cells = X chromosome
All normal sperm cells = X chromosome + half a Y chromosome
A baby gender is determined by the sperm that fertilises the egg
Y chromosome = carry the gene SRY causing the testes to develop = produce androgens (male sex hormones) = causing the embryo to become male
The role of hormones
Testosterone
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Characteristics:
- Development of the penis
- Spatial awareness
- Muscle development
- Risk taking
- Aggression
- Lowering of voice
- Fight or flight response
Evaluation:
:check: Deady et al found a negative correlation between testosterone levels and maternal personality
:red_cross: Cause and effect relationship can't be established
Oestrogen
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Determines female sexual characteristics and menstruation and is responsible for both physical and emotional changes
Characteristics:
- Development of vagina
- Greater language centre
Evaluation:
:check: Waber suggested that oestrogen has an impact on brain development, specifically the faster maturation of language centres in the brain
Oxytocin
Women produce much larger amounts than men and is specifically released in massive quantities during labour
It also acts as a neurotransmitter in reducing the stress hormone (cortisol) and facilitates bonding
Characteristics:
- Breastfeeding
- Caring/love
- Supresses fight or flight response
Evaluation:
:check: Van Leengoed et al found that injecting an antagonist of oxytocin into female rats caused a delay in maternal behaviours
:red_cross: Animal ethics
:red_cross: Extrapolation
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