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changing family patterns - Coggle Diagram

- - - - A02 equalising the grounds of divorce between sexes (1923), making it cheaper (1949), widening the grounds (1971)
      - other solutions :
        
        desertion = one partner leaves the other but the couples remain married
        
        legal separation = courts separates the legal affairs of the couple but they remain married
        
        'empty shell marriage' = where a couples remain married in name only
    - - divorce becoming more socially acceptable
      - divorce being more common, 'normalises' it and so reduces the stigma attached
    - - declining influence of religion, A02 church attendance rates continue to decline
      - the traditional opposition of the churches to divorce carries less weight
      - churches are also being to soften their views on divorce, allowing divorcees to remarry in church
    - - higher expectations make couples less willing to tolerate an unhappy marriage
        
        A02 the pure relationships
      - A03 this suggests, that marriage is still popular - divorcees generally do not reject marriage as an institution
    - - women less financially dependant on their husband and therefore freer to end an unsatisfactory marriage
      - girls' greater success in education now helps them achieve better-paid jobs than previous generations
      - marriage is now longer embedded within the economic system
    - - marriage remains patriarchal
      - hoschild = at work women feel valued, at home, men's continuing resistance to doing housework is a source of frustration and makes marriage less stable
      - bernard = divorce is the growing acceptance of feminist ideas, women are becoming conscious of patriarchal oppression and more confident about rejecting it
- - - - less pressure to marry and more freedom to choose the relationships they want
      - a widespread belief that the quality of a couples' relationship is more important than its legal status
    - - the church is in favour of marriage, but as influence declines, people feel freer to choose not to marry
    - - A02 cohabitation, remaining single and having children outside of marriage are all now regarded as acceptable
      - pregnancy no longer leads to a 'shot gun' wedding
    - - better career and educational opportunities means women are less economically dependant on men - gives them greater freedom
      - feminism has described marriage as a patriarchal institution - dissuading some women from marrying