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CHAPTER 2 : SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION AND BUSINESS RESEARCH PROCESS -…
CHAPTER 2 : SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION AND BUSINESS RESEARCH PROCESS
2.1 Characteristics/Hallmarks of a Scientific Research
2.1.5 ACCURACY
- Research should be designed in such a manner that it ensures findings to be very close to reality
2.1.6 OBJECTIVITY
Conclusion drawn for the study should be based on the facts derived from the results of data analysis, & not based on one's own subjective or emotional values.
2.1.4 REPLICABILITY (BOLEH DIULANG)
- Result of the test of research objectives should be suppoted again and again when same type of research is being repeated in other, similar circumstances.
2.1.7 GENERALIZABILITY
The applicability of research in one organizational setting to other settings.
2.1.3 TESTABILITY (BOLEH DIUJI)
Developing a set of research questions or hyotheses to be tested must be testable and analyzable.
2.1.2 RIGOUR (MENDALAM)
Should be based on a good thereotical base and sound methodological design.
2.1.1 PURPOSIVE (BERTUJUAN)
Help the management to know the customers' expectation as well as perception in terms of critical factors in delivering services.
Provide insights as to what areas that needs to be emphasized.
2.1.8 PARSIMONY
Simplicity in explaining complex situation / statistical analysis is always preferred to complex & complicated results & findings.
2.3 QUANTITATIVE VS QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Quantitative research :
focuses on statistical analysis of numerical data collected through the use of large-scale survey research, using methods such as questionnaire/structured interview.
Qualitative research :
Explore & understand people's beliefs, experiences, attitudes, behaviour & interactions through methods such as interviews/focus group discussions.
2.4 BUSINESS RESEARCH PROCESS: AN OVERVIEW
2.4.1 Problem identification.
- desire to find information needed to fulfill a need. In this context a research is needed to address a problem.
2.4.2 Defining the research objective
- Need to very focused to identify the research objectives.
2.4.3 Research design
provides the framework to be used as a guide in collecting and analyzing data.
match a research problem with appropriate research design :
Exploratory research design
Descriptive research design
Causal research design
2.4.4 Designing Research Methodology
Major parts of research methodology are :
reseacrh method (primary/secondary)
Method of data collection
Sampling plan
Field work plan
Analysis plan
2.4.5 Budget and Cost Estimation
3 basic parameters which provide an estimate how much a study is going to cost.
a. sample size
b. How difficult it is to find the sampling units & their geographical dispersion?
c. Who will do the field work?
2.4.6 Presentation, Report and Decision Making.
A business research starts with problem identification & ends with an actionable/formal report
2.2 APPROACHES TO RESEARCH
Inductive - Bottom Up Approach
Deductive - Top Down Approach