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Speaking practice outside the classroom: a literature review of…
Speaking practice outside the classroom: a literature review of Asynchronous Multimedia-based Oral Communication in Language Learning
INTRODUCTION
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Types of Multimedia-based Oral Communication (MOC):
1) video-conferencing through Skype
2)posting vlogs on YouTube
3) turn-based video conversations via voiceboard
Lin's (2015) analysis of affordances of AMOC
and Clark's (1994) criticism (with positivity);
Ziegler's (2015) studies (improving productive skills)
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No formal instruction to use software
(only peer learning with similar status people),
formal instruction by expert or instructor
PREPARATORY ACTIVITIES:
giving time to brainstorm (Bakar et, al, 2013);
watching a video; (Goulah, 2007)
creating a storyboard
PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PBL): creating commercials
responding questions (Goulah, 2007), making a video
promoting Japanese language (Fukushima, 2002)
SELF EVALUATION and revision: creating vlogs helped learners
to reflect on their learning (Hung, 2011); raising awareness
of their weaknesses; correcting their mistakes
BRIEF CONCLUSION:
these methods cannot guarantee
effective learning through AMOC;
further investigation is needed
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