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- - - - Effort
        
        Section 7(3)(a)
        A literary work, musical, or artistic work not be eligible to copyright unless:
        (a) There has been effort in the work
        
        Cases: Kiwi Brands v Multiview Enterprises
        where P said that their back label on the product which contain info and artistic work is original due to sufficient effort spend on production
        
        Originality requires work to originate from author
        A person created original work even if it happens to be identical to earlier if the person done it without possibility to any act of copying
        
        Cases: Kiwi Brand v Multiview Enterprises
        
        Can mere labor constitute "Sufficient effort"?
        
        Cases: Kiwi Brands v Multiview Enterprises
        Abdul Malik Ishak said mere substantial amount of labor without the skill is sufficient enough to meet originality requirement
        The judge stated under Section 7(3), a mere sufficient effort has been expended to make the work original
      - Judgement
      - Skill
  - - - Fixation in a material form
        
        Section 3
      - Idea-expression dichotomy
        
        Section 7 (2A)
        Copyright does not extend to ideas, concept, methods, and procedure
        
        Cases: Goodyear tire & rubber v Silverstone tire & rubber
        P applied copyright for the drawings of tyre but their application got refused
- - - - Publication v First published
        
        Publication
        
        Section 4(1)
        A literary, musical or artistic are deemed as published only if the copy is available with the consent of author or any person under author
        a film
        sound recordings
        
        First publication
        
        Section 4(3)
        A publication become first publication if:
        (a) First published in Malaysia and not elsewhere
        (b) Published in elsewhere but published in Malaysia within 30 days
- - - - Merit
        
        Section 7(2)
        Works shall be protected regardless of the quality and the purpose
      - What qualify as 'literary
      - Dramatic works
      - Tables or compilations
      - Computer programmes
  - - - Graphic
      - Logo
        
        Cases: BP PLC v Mohd Shariff
        P's BP Helios logo was infringed by D who used the logo for letterhead and business card
      - Photograph
      - Sculpture and Collage