INCLUSION OF PREAPARATORY ACTIVITIES: - Crookes (1989) - didn't have planning time - Baker, latiff ,Hamat ( 2013)- students' inability produce more complex ideas - Engin's (2014)- developed speaking proficiency -Goulah (2007) - storyboard process - Knouzi, Swain, Lapkin & Brookes (2010)- purposeful interaction