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Aims and Result of Policies, : - Coggle Diagram
Aims and Result of Policies
The Five Year Plans
The Great Leap forward(2nd Five Year Plan)
Results
Failed mostly because of the lack of managerial skills and technical know how/skills which showed itself in the failured implementation of Quality Control/ Applied Commuism
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Reasons
China was economically behind the West
Project and aims
Aim: To turn China into a modern industrial power and to overtake the industrial output of the capitalist world
Projects
Collectivize peasants
Iron Rice Bowl = guaranteed wage + additional benefits for industrial workers was introduced
Applied Communism: State ownership was turned inot private ownership
Generals
Project consisted of two generals(bildlich gesprochen) "General Grain" = to increase China's food suply, to export the surplus and then invest the gain into "General Steel" = to turn China into a indurial economy, the general were the people, the peasants and the industrial workers
Backyard furnace campaign
Aim:
Result : failed, as no quality steel was produced
First Five Year Plan (1952-57)
Reasons
Mao was determined to industrialze China the same way, the soviet union had achieved that
China -> command economy in order for revolution to suceed
Projects and aims
Mobilize China's huge urban population
(between 1949 - 1957 --> 57mio - 100mio
Sino-soviet agreement (1950)
USSR agreed to provide China with economic assistance
high-interest loans
Soured relationship between Mao and Stalin
only 5% of capital was used for genuine industrial investment
Coal/ steel and petrochemicals were targeted for industrial production
keep import to a mimimum
Results
only 5% of USSR economic assistance was used for industrial investment
extremly succesfull
Land Reforms
Reasons
to carry out its program of social equality and to extend its control to the countryside.
Realisation
Collectivization was achieved in 5steps
Step 3: peasants were organized into cooperatives
Step 4: Household registration system limited peasant movement
Step 2: Peasants encouraged to work as "mutual aid" teams
Step 5: Peasan were forcibly arranged into communes and private ownership of land ended
Step 1: Landlords were wiped out and land was redistributed among peasants
Results
Problems occured through the forceful implementation of Lysenkoism over the knowledge of the peasants
Led to a big incest pest
Results/Consequences
for Mao/CCP
Mao's reputation was tarnished and he had to withdrew from the politcal frontline
private farming was allowed again
food suplie increased agian and fmine ended
For population
Led to a famine whereby 45 million people died of starvation,Parents had to sell their children, cannibalism occured
Religious policies
Communism's View of religion was implied (Religion are capitalist inventions to suppress the exploited masses)
Results
Propaganda against religions
Buddishm + confucianism were banned and replaced by loyalty to the party
Maoism as the new faith
Pro capitalist churches forced to close
Split between Vatikan and China
Targeting of religious areas like Tibet and Xinjiang
Policies affecting women and the family
Before Mao
Historically Women in China were the most repressed in the world
Obey to their husband
female infaticide were
Foot binding
Cocubines
After Mao
Outlawing things like foot binding
Marriage reform law
arragned marriages abolished
divorces made legal
Cocubines abolished
Women seen as equal to men
Benefited shortyl from his land reforms as they got land
PRC remainded a male domintaed system
Health reforms
Cultural Policies
Aim
China's culture should reflect the value of a working class society
Achieved through Censorship and Propaganda
Banning of books, films etc that romanticised the old feudal system
Self-Censorhsip of Journalists
Art promoting chinese themes were allowed
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