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Architectural Space & Identity - Coggle Diagram
Architectural Space & Identity
Article ~ Hilde Heynen
Introduction
"We shape our buildings, thereafter they shape us" ~ Winston Churchill
Three models
Space as Receptor
Space as Instrument
Space as Stage
Space as Receptor
Background for social activities
influence exerted by social or cultural mechanisms
Active role to social and cultural processes
Verbs
Reflect
Express
Embody
'Reading' space
De Boeck (2004)
Anthropologists
People's spatial behaviour
Symbolic meanings of built spaces
Modified by
Individuals and groups
Changing cultural patterns
Recent spatial practices
Cemetery in Kinshasa (2008)
Traces of cultural transformations
By economic and political changes
Newly shaped rituals
Reflects cultural processes
Impact of its spatial qualities
Mitchell (2003)
p.345
Space as Instrument
Foucault's analysis
Bentham's design
Prison
Social changes
Sole guard
Large number of prisoners
Observe & control
Even without guard
Discipline
Newman (1972)
"Defensible Space"
Environment under the control of its residents
Spatial strategies
Safe and secure environment
Overall social well-being in a society
Verbs
Capacity of space
Behaviours on subjects
Soft
Organize
Structure
Shape
Strong
Discipline
Determine
Dominate
Modernists (left-wing)
Change society
Using architecture
Classless society
Less
Individual lifestyle
More
Politically aware
Public interests
Re-organize social life
Avoid violent revolution
Utopian vision
Architecture as an instrument of disciplining
Never fully realized
Final results
Different
Imagined by their architects and planners
Examples
Change social reality
Space as Stage
Integrates first two
Conceiving of spatial arrangements
"Stage"
Social life unfolds
Impact of social forces
"Stage"
Result of social forces
Modifying and structuring social phenomena
Difference
First model
Producing and reproducing social reality
Fully recognized
Second model
Better understanding
Interplay between
Forces of domination
Forces of resistance
Lofland (1998)
Criticizes
Fellow sociologists
'Agoraphobia'
Fear of falling
Trap of physical determinism
Blind
Impact of spatial variables
Character built environment
Arrangement of physical objects
Connected
What humans do
Dovey (1999)
Space syntax analysis
Hillier & Hanson (1984)
Hillier (1996)
Architectural theory
Spatial/architectural parameters
Basic idea
Spatial configurations
Ordering impact
Social relationships unfold
Possible to unravel
By studying underlying spatial patterns
Depth
Axiality
Relation between
Buildings & individuals
Spatial configurations
By built spaces
Co-presence & co-awareness
1 more item...
Space as instrument
"As mutable immobiles, buildings do have effects on their users, allowing certain behaviours and prohibiting others."
p.353
Conclusion
Three different ways
Understanding
Relation between
Spatial constellations
Social patterns
Physical
Partial account
Issues at stake
Space as Receptor
Social scientists & anthropologists
Lack
Spatial constellations
Influence people's behaviour
Space as Instrument
Architects & planners
Focus
Structuring powers
Spatial constellations
Foregrounding
Disciplining
Control
neglecting
Ways
Individuals & groups
3 more items...
Integration
Space as Stage
Recent interdisciplinary efforts
Understand
Relation between
People
Space
Dearly needed
Sustainable development
Built environment
2 more items...
Most productive
Further fine-tuning
Spatial disciplines
Social sciences
Article ~ Rachel Lee
Introduction
Focus
Specific sites
Collaborations & exchanges
Between local & exiles
Discourses developed
Art exhibited
Informal places
Spaces of sociability
Urban locations
Diverse people
Meet & share ideas
The hotel
Spaces of sociability
Cultural life
Local inhabitants
Accommodation
Transient visitors
Contact zones
Colonial or post-colonial environments
Bombay's prominent Hotels
Taj Mahal Palace Hotel
Green's Hotel
Situating local people within the historiography of hotels
Karl Raitz & John Paul Jones
Study
Hotels
Heart of civil life
"Vital function in organizing the interaction of both local residents and visitors"
The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel and Green's Hotel in Cosmopolitan Bombay
Bombay
Hybridity
Louis Bromfield (1946)
"Bombay wasn't anything. It wasn't India, or East or West, but an extraordinary muddle of everything on earth"
Reflection of this
The Taj
Fusion architecture
Founded & directed
Local industrialist
Managed
Europeans
Staffed
Goans
Entertainment
Russian dancers
American jazz bands
Chinese mime artists
Australian author
Frank Clune (1947)
"Like many other things in Bombay, it's a mixture of Eastern and Western ideas on the grand scale"
Difference
Capacity for sociability
First half of 20th century
Spaces
Activities
Relationships evolved
Art was exhibited
Deals were made
People
Dined
Danced
Talked
Partied
Reflected
Political & cultural discourses grew
Participants
Tourists
Colonial figures
Itinerant businesspeople
Locals
English-speaking elite
Exiled artists
Keeping Bombay amused: The Taj and Green's as spaces of sociability
Different guests
The Taj
Elite
Prominent
Green's
Edgier crowd
Bromfield's descriptions
Diverse array of people
Sites of display
Public presentation
Various activities
Interaction
Economic
Political
Social
Cultural
Exchange
Development of communities
Civil society
Education
Description
p.259
Hotels as Hospitable Environments
Bombay hotels
Spaces of sociability
'Togetherness'
Local English-speaking elite population
Exile communities
Development
Bombay's modern art scene
Hotels
1 more item...
Exploring
Intersections
Culture
Exile
Art
Emerged
Image of
Politics
Interaction
Pleasure
Exchange
Article ~ Yasser Elsheshtawy
Documentary ~ Lotte Stoops
Concepts
Lectures
Extra's