2.1 explain forms of social control

internal forms-

rational ideology

tradition

internalisation of social rules and morality

belonging to a community with particular cultural values is an important part of internal social control

linked to upbringing, traditions condition us

set of beliefs that guide and influence our decision making

our internal set of moral principles

could be through- upbringing, parental influence, religion and culture

start off as forces outside us, gradually become internalised via socialisation

religion- 10 commandments- zakat charitable giving in islam

external influences gradually become part of the way we think so we can work out for ourselves what is acceptable and therefore avoid committing crime.

external :

agencies

police

juges

prisons

sanctions/ punishments/ deterrents

coercion- use of some kind of force to make someone conform

physical or psychological

threatened or actual

in the uk, being detained or imprisoned are forms of coercion

fear of punishment/force-

things would happen again your will as a consequence of committing offence

some right realists would argue that crime would be a lot worse without fear of punishment

individual deterrence

individual- person who has committed crime is given punishment like suspended sentence

designed to deter fro offending again

if they do, they may face more sever punishment

general deterrence

others are detrrence out of fear from committing offences by seeing you being punished for your actions- vicarious reinforcement

control theory

hirschi

what makes people conform- when they have strong bonds to society

attachment

committment

involvement

beliefs

avoid crime, a person needs positive attachment to parents, schools, peers, to promote a need for pro-social behaviour

if a person has ambition to achieve positive future goals, they are less likely to commit crime

this ewoh are involved in social activities such as playing in a sports team are less prone to crime

a belief in society values such as honesty is needed, and belief that committing crime is wrong.

reckless' containment theory

resist committing crime due to inner and outer containment

inner- upbringing and our family

outer- influence of social groups including laws of society

combination of inner psychological containments and external social containers lead to people deviating from norms