2.1 explain forms of social control
internal forms-
rational ideology
tradition
internalisation of social rules and morality
belonging to a community with particular cultural values is an important part of internal social control
linked to upbringing, traditions condition us
set of beliefs that guide and influence our decision making
our internal set of moral principles
could be through- upbringing, parental influence, religion and culture
start off as forces outside us, gradually become internalised via socialisation
religion- 10 commandments- zakat charitable giving in islam
external influences gradually become part of the way we think so we can work out for ourselves what is acceptable and therefore avoid committing crime.
external :
agencies
police
juges
prisons
sanctions/ punishments/ deterrents
coercion- use of some kind of force to make someone conform
physical or psychological
threatened or actual
in the uk, being detained or imprisoned are forms of coercion
fear of punishment/force-
things would happen again your will as a consequence of committing offence
some right realists would argue that crime would be a lot worse without fear of punishment
individual deterrence
individual- person who has committed crime is given punishment like suspended sentence
designed to deter fro offending again
if they do, they may face more sever punishment
general deterrence
others are detrrence out of fear from committing offences by seeing you being punished for your actions- vicarious reinforcement
control theory
hirschi
what makes people conform- when they have strong bonds to society
attachment
committment
involvement
beliefs
avoid crime, a person needs positive attachment to parents, schools, peers, to promote a need for pro-social behaviour
if a person has ambition to achieve positive future goals, they are less likely to commit crime
this ewoh are involved in social activities such as playing in a sports team are less prone to crime
a belief in society values such as honesty is needed, and belief that committing crime is wrong.
reckless' containment theory
resist committing crime due to inner and outer containment
inner- upbringing and our family
outer- influence of social groups including laws of society
combination of inner psychological containments and external social containers lead to people deviating from norms