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Peer to peer paradigm - Coggle Diagram

- - - - A decentralized P2P network does not depend on a centralized directory system.
      - peers arrange themselves into an overlay network, which is a logical network made on top of the physical network.
      - a decentralized P2P network is classified as either unstructured or structured
  - - - Centralized networks make the maintenance of the directory simple but have several drawbacks.
      - 1) Accessing the directory can generate huge traffic and slow down the system.
      - 2) The central servers are vulnerable to attack, and if all of them fail, the whole system goes down.
- - - - A search in an unstructured P2P is not very efficient because a query to find a file must be flooded through the network, which produces significant traffic and still the query may not be resolved.
      - Two examples of this type of network are Gnutella and Freenet.
      - In an unstructured P2P network, the nodes are linked randomly.
  - - - A structured network uses a predefined set of rules to link nodes so that a query can be effectively and efficiently resolved.
      - The most common technique used for this purpose is the Distributed Hash Table (DHT).
      - DHT is used in many applications including P2P file sharing.
      - One popular P2P file sharing protocol that uses the DHT is
      - BitTorrent.
- - - - sharing a large file among a set of peers.
      - However, the term sharing in this context is different from
      - other file-sharing protocols.
      - Instead of one peer allowing another peer to download the whole file, a group of peers takes part in the process to give all peers in the group a copy of the file.
      - File sharing is done in a collaborating process called a
      - torrent.
      - BitTorrent is a P2P protocol, designed by Bram Cohen, for