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Blackout - Coggle Diagram
Blackout
precautions
directional radio
emergency generator
redundancy
phantom power
regulations
network and information security (NIS)
affected entities
critical infrastracture
European states
guidline
must have security specialist team
computer emergency response team (CERT) /
computer security incident response team (CSIRT)
states must communicate with each other
power grid
line types
high voltage line
mid voltage line
low voltage line
highest voltage line
issues
clients are now also producers (solar)
frequency is harder to control
attack vectors
smart meters
data privacy
data spoofing
blackout
reconnaissance
home break ins
power plants
supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
can control heavy machinery if hacked
OT connected to IT
IT prone to attacks
STUXNET
missing redundancy
physical destruction (bombings)
frequency
normal range
49,8 - 50.2 Hz
abnormal frequency
to little energy
< 47.5 Hz
blackout
< 49 Hz
1 lastabwurf (10-15%)
too much energy
> 51 Hz
generators are shut off or regulated
> 52.5 Hz
blackout
missing redundancy