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Different Types of Assessments, Images/ Videos, ASSESSMENT,…

- - - - Types of formative assessment
        
        On-Going assessment
        
        On-going assessment as the name suggest happens at various intervals throughout the learning process. The purpose is to find where the students are in terms of meeting the learning goals, so the process and the product can be adjusted to better facilitate student growth.
        
        Pre Assessment
        
        The purpose of pre assessment is to determine what student already know, understand and can do. Pre assessment help guide initial instruction, make group decision and differentiate learning experiences. It helps student gain ownership of learning by understanding the gaps of learning , this can be used as base for goal setting for the quarter
        
        Key features for formative assessment
        There are two principle components of the formative assessment process: establishing criteria and providing feedback
        Criteria
        • relevant (closely related to the understanding goals for the unit).
        • public (everyone in the classroom knows and understands them).
        Feedback
        • occur frequently, from the beginning of the unit to its conclusion, in conjunction with performances of understanding. Some occasions for feedback may be formal and planned (such as those related to presentations); some may be more casual and informal (such as responding to a student’s comment in a class discussion).
        • provide students with information not only about how well they have carried out performances but also how they might improve them.
        • inform your planning of subsequent classes and activities
        • come from a variety of perspectives: from students' reflection on their own work, from classmates reflecting on one another's work, and from the teacher.
        
        Examples of Formative assessment
        
        Entry and Exit tickets-
        Entry ticket- start the class with a quick question on the previous day’s lesson. The question can be put in a group/ peer discussion or individual. They can be put on the table before the students enter class, can be displayed on the white board.
        Exit ticket- Exit ticket can be of various form it can be basic writing an answer of it can be done online in different apps like paddlet, poll everywhere or goggle classroom question tool. If using the paper exit tickets, sort the papers into three plies-student got the point, somewhat got it, did not get the point.
        Some directives can be given to the students for exit ticket-
        • What are three things you learned, two things you’re still curious about, and one thing you don’t understand? 
        • How would you have done things differently today, if you had the choice?
        • What I found interesting about this work was...
        • Right now I’m feeling
        • Today was hard because... 
        
        Quizzes and Polls- quizzes and polls are great way to find out the whether the students really know as much as you think they know. Quizzes and polls can be created in quizzes’ and Kahoot and flippity. This can be done quickly and teachers can see each kids response and determine individually and in aggregate how students are doing. The apps help you design the question, teachers can determine the level of complexity.
        
        Dipsticks- dipsticks are easy and quick formative assessments, Students can be prompted to -
        • Write a letter explain a key idea to a friend,
        • Draw a visual sketch to visually represent new learning
        • Do think pair- share exercise with the partner.
        
        Interview question- To have a deeper understanding of students learning, discussion based assessment method is a good idea. Casual chats, a Google form can be use full. Flipgrid is another app that can help students respond to the question asked. Another way can be TAG(Tell, Ask, Give) Feedback – as students to tell a peer something that they did well, ask a thoughtful question and give positive feedback.
        
        Misconception and errors: often it is helpful to flip the formative to see if students understand why something is incorrect or why the concept is hard. Ask student to explain the difficult point in the lesson. You can present a misunderstanding and ask them to apply previous knowledge to correct the mistake, discuss the answers.
        
        Self -assessment- Students are often able to give accurate insight into the areas they would need work on. Give students sticky notes to get a quick insight into what areas the kids think they need to work on. You can write on whiteboard the trouble spots from the areas where you think class as a whole needs work . Student can write and place the sticky note where he thinks he need to improve.
      - Technology for Formative Assessment
        Padlet,
        Flipgrid,
        Goggle form,
        Kahoot,
        Edulastic
        Flubaroo
        Quizzes
    - - Key features of summative assignment
        
        It takes place at the end of a defined learning period such as a training or program.
        
        It is limited to the information that was shared during the course or training. Summative assessment does not test students on what they have not been taught.
        
        Summative assessment aligns with the learning goals and objectives of the course
        
        Summative assessment certifies a student’s competence in a specific subject matter.
        
        It is used for one clearly identified purpose
        
        Characteristics of Summative Assessment
        
        Validity-Summative assessment measures a student’s competence in a specific subject matter in line with the learning goals and objectives of the course or training
        Reliability-Summative evaluation is a standardised method of knowledge-based assessments. It has well-defined processes that reveal the student's competence in a field..
        Practicality-Summative evaluation has a flexible process that is practical and scalable. It is well-aligned and this makes it easy for the instructor to implement it as part of a training.
        Ethical-Summative assessment respects clear teaching and learning boundaries. Before the instructor implements any summative assessment methods in the classroom, he/she must obtain informed consent from the students.
        Easily reported-Since the key element of summative assessment is to evaluate what someone has learned up to that point in time, it always ends in having a concise summary of the outcomes of the assessment.
        Variety-Summative evaluation prompts students to exhibit skills and demonstrate knowledge in different ways.
        
        Examples of Summative assessment
        
        In-depth reports
        In-depth summative are different form any standardised test. Within this summative the students research skills, thinking skills, analytical skills and communication skills for the particular topic are evaluated. The reports show case the students interest and his engagement level. This summative can be adopted for any subject- for science it can be the Lab report, for social science it can be a part of any social science research topic, in math it can be used as exploration of concept connected to real life
        
        End-of-term Examination
        A final examination or assessment is one of the most common methods of classroom evaluation. Examinations have a simple framework—the teacher curates relevant questions and the students respond to these questions within a timeframe.
        
        In-class Chapter Tests-
        These are mini-examinations that happen at the end of a topic or section of training. They are used to determine how well a student understands key chapter concepts and help them prepare for the final examination at the end of the course
        
        Oral Tests
        Oral test are used mostly for language subjects. Orals evaluate the speaking of the language – the proficiency in using the language for conversation.
        
        Creative Portfolio
        Instead of an end-of-term examination, ask students to build a creative portfolio. A creative portfolio showcases the student's creativity, knowledge of the coursework, and how they have uniquely applied that knowledge.
        
        Observation
        This is a common method of summative assessment used in early childhood education. The instructor incorporates 1 or more standard activities into the student's playtime and then observes how the learners engage in the activity.
        
        Sources
        K. (2020, July 22). What are the types of assessment? Https://Www.Onlineassessmenttool.Com/Knowledge-Center/Online-Assessment-Center/What-Are-the-Types-of-Assessment/Item10637. https://www.onlineassessmenttool.com/knowledge-center/online-assessment-center/what-are-the-types-of-assessment/item10637
        Assessment in Education: Top 14 Examples. (2016, December 18). YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTkQjH-_97c
        S. (2013, August 29). Summative Assessment Definition. The Glossary of Education Reform. https://www.edglossary.org/summative-assessment/
        Thomas, L. (2019, April 27). 7 Smart, Fast Ways to Do Formative Assessment. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/7-smart-fast-ways-do-formative-assessment
        V. (2022, April 3). Formative vs Summative Assessment in the Classroom: A Guide. Owlcation. https://owlcation.com/academia/Formative-vs-Summative-Assessment-An-Analysis
        D. (2019b, August 19). Will baseline assessment damage pupils’ confidence? Promethean Blog. https://resourced.prometheanworld.com/baseline-assessment-damage-pupils-confidence/
- - - - ADVANTAGES TO THE DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENTS ARE:
      - Benefits of assessment for learning
      - Improve learning skills.
      - Increased student engagement.
      - Get more academic achievement.
      - Become self-learner.
      - Improve goals and objectives.
      - Examples of Diagnostic Assessment: Journals, Quiz/test, Conference/interview, Posters, Performance tasks, Mind maps, Gap-closing, and Student surveys.
    - - These kinds of assessments help teachers determine what students understand in order to build on the students' strengths and address their specific needs. The teacher can use the data from diagnostic assessment to create a realistic roadmap that addresses any gaps of knowledge.
        
        https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-WEmsuvDsA
- - - - Performance assessments often use the following components:
        
        Developmental checklists
        
        Portfolios of student work
        
        Progress reports
      - Here is a list of reasons an educator may decide to use a performance assessment:
        
        Performance assessments can engage and pique the interest of students.
        
        Performance assessments can be accurate indicators of what students know and whether they can use their knowledge.
        
        Performance assessments can increase instructor confidence by allowing them to evaluate lesson plan effectiveness.
        
        Performance assessment tasks can identify how well an instructor is teaching and provide progress reports for student learning.
        
        A. Standardized assessments or norm-referenced: Assessments that use a basic threshold to understand student knowledge and provides a grade or score as an assessment result. Examples include the ACT, SAT, AP examinations and IQ examinations.
        B. Interim assessments: Assessments that are administered multiple times in a school year. They use benchmarks throughout the school year to identify the success of lesson plans. Instructors typically take this time to revise course materials and instructions.
        C.Summative: Educators use this type of assessment to evaluate student knowledge after completing a course. Educators may give this assessment at the end of the semester to understand if the coursework helped a student apply their knowledge during an assessment. Based on the results, a teacher may revise, rework and develop new lesson plans and teaching strategies for the following semester.
        -Indeed
        
        References:
        
        Editors, T. (2020, December 9). What is performance assessment? Education Week. Retrieved June 11, 2022, from https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/what-is-performance-assessment/2019/02
        
        Indeed. (2021, July 1). What is a performance assessment? (definition and tips included). Indeed Career Guide. Retrieved June 12, 2022, from https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/performance-assessment
        
        YouTube. (2015). Erformance Assessment - Classroom Vignette (Tell Project). YouTube. Retrieved June 11, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-r1yTJHS74w.