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Organisational Behaviour :, BIG 5 OCEAN SCALES, :star:, The extent to…

- - - - Helps us see major differences in individuals in the workplace
        
        Gender
        
        Age
        
        Ethnicity
        
        Nationality
        
        Language
        
        Height
        
        Income
        
        Education
    - - a person's general style of interacting with the world, especially other people
        
        there are 5 general traits that everyone has to an extent (could be dramatic or minimal
        
        Openness to experience
        
        Big 5 (OCEAN)
        
        Conscientiousness
        
        Extraversion
        
        Agreeableness
        
        Neuroticism
    - - the extent to which individuals monitor and adjust their behaviour for appropriateness, based upon how it is perceived by others in social situations
      - Higher fit behaviour to social situation eg it is not always appropriate to act a certain way regards of who your around
      - Low disregards social situation eg failure to act a different way around different people eg you work or fam friends such as trump
      - important to have a healthy balance to understand appropriateness and social cues (Parks-Leduc, Pattie, Pargas & Eliason, 2014; Synder, 1974)
    - - reflects individual's belief about the degree of control they have overt events in theirs lives
        
        Internal: what happens in my life is decided by internal factors (eg motivation, efforts and talents)
        
        External: what happens in my life is decided by external factors (eg fate, luck, social network) that cause emotional distress and misfortune (leads many to creating lawsuits in the US a lot)
    - - public or international expression of ones disadvantages, suffering or personal limitations to convey moral superiority and confer advantages (eg attention, status, sympathy)
      - correlated with exaggerating reports of mistreatment, greater perceived discrimination, and dark triad traits (Ok, Qian, Strejek & Aquino, 2021)
        Ok, E., Qian, Y., Strejcek, B., & Aquino, K. (2021). Signaling virtuous victimhood as indicators of Dark Triad personalities. Journal of personality and social psychology, 120(6), 1634.
  - - - extreme self-aggrandisement, excessive admiration, and a sense of entitlement
      - they tend to think they are great leaders, but narcissism can harm team performance and others ratings of leader effectiveness (Grijalva et al., 2015; Nevicka et al., 2011)
    - - The tendency to engage in social conduct that involves manipulating others for personal gain, often against the other’s self-interest
      - Named after the guy who wrote ‘the prince’ a book about retaining and gaining political power which means do whatever you can to get ahead; eg never tell anyone you did something else there’s a useful reason to do so
    - - lack of concern and therefore emotions; lack of guilt, remorse.
      - deficit in self-control eg ted bundy
  - - - a willingness to view oneself accurately, a displayed appreciation of other’s strengths and contributions, and teachability
      - a humble manager can:
        
        Increase employee engagement
        
        Increase employee commitment
        
        Reduce employee turnover
        
        Increase team performance
    - - liable to being called to account; answerable
      - of all the things you want to achieve in your life, how many of them are you taking responsibility for? eg career progression
      - relates to authenticity because if you are not achieving your goals, you are not acting consistent with your values
    - - exposing oneself to risk and uncertainty, especially in the emotional sense
      - reflects authenticity by revealing your inner self
      - meaning
        
        The more afraid we are the more vulnerable we are hence the more afraid; the cycle repeats and so does the bad habits such as addictions to cope
        
        we make everything uncertain certain
        
        You can’t numb some emotions you numb everything that leads to addictions
- - - - Agreeableness
        
        Neuroticism
        
        The extent to which a person is cooperative and friendly
        
        Anxious Easily stressed Emotional
        
        Calm Emotionally stable Secure
        
        The extent to which a person is outgoing and talkative and is associated with behaviours such as being sociable
        
        Uncooper-ative Cold Rude
        
        eg low agreeableness managers excel in high autonomy
        
        Courteous Helpful Trusting
      - Reserved Quiet Withdrawn
      - Outgoing Social Talkative