Against the Aristotelian principles of tragedy, Satan most convincingly follows a trajectory of overreaching in his ambitions, hubris, hamartia, but arguably without catharsis. By contrast, it is Adam who laments his fall, Adam who repents, who is redeemed and ultimately fills the heroic space, from an overtly Christian perspective at least. In being wooed by Satan, the reader has refallen. As Fish suggests, "we too are on trial"