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Digestion, absorption, and metabolism of macronutrients
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Digestion, absorption, and metabolism of macronutrients
Proteins
Absorption
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The cells of the intestinal walls received amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides
The transportation of amino acids into the blood take place in the lower parts of the small instestine.
Metabolism
The amino acid leucine stimulates protein synthesis in tissues such as the liver, muscle and even skin
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Digestion
The peptide bonds between amino acids are broken and then the proteases continue breaking down polypeptides in order to obtain single amino acids
The hydrochloric acid and an enzyme called pepsin contribute with the chemical breakdown of proteins by denaturation
Carbohydrates
Absorption
This process take place in the small intestine where transport proteins move the monosaccharides into the bloodstream
Glucose, fructose, and galactose are sent first to the liver.Glucose is stored as an energy source known as glycogen
Metabolism
Metabolic pathways: Glycogenesis, glycogenolysis,glycolysis, glyconeogenesis
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Fats
Absorption
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A large protein called chylomicron transport food fats through the body, ending in the liver and other tissues
Metabolism
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Acetyl CoA is an important factor because it can synthesize fatty acids and transform glycerol into 3-phosphate
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