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Substances with Bioactivities - Coggle Diagram
Substances with Bioactivities
Secondary
ALKALOIDS
Scopolamine
Used to treat the symptoms of low heart rate (bradycardia), reduce salivation and bronchial secretions before surgery or as an antidote for overdose of cholinergic drugs or mushroom poisoning. - sources are Atropa belladonna, Datura inoxia
Atropine
Used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by motion sickness or medications used during surgery. - found in plants of the Solanaceae family
Hyoscyamine
It works by decreasing the motion of the stomach and intestines and the secretion of stomach fluids, including acid.- found in plants of the Solanaceae family such as deadly nightshade
PHENOLICS
Quinones
As vitamins, they represent a class of molecules preventing and treating several illnesses such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. - found in bacteria and in various higher plant forms
Lignans
Have included a lowered risk of heart disease, menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis and breast cancer.- present in a wide variety of plant foods
Flavonoids
Help regulate cellular activity and fight off free radicals that cause oxidative stress on your body. In simpler terms, they help body function more efficiently while protecting it against everyday toxins and stressors. - found in fruits, vegetables
TERPENE
Limonene
Used for obesity, cancer, and bronchitis, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. In foods, beverages, and chewing gum, limonene is used as a flavouring. found in the peels of citrus fruits
Geraniol
Use in products as a fragrance. It is a better alternative to synthetic perfumes and phthalates
Myrcene
It is further used in consumer products, such as cosmetics, soaps, and detergents.- found in basil, mangoes
Primary
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Eg: guanine-cosmetics industry, crystalline guanine is used as an additive to various products (e.g., shampoos), where it provides a pearly iridescent effect. It is also used in metallic paints and simulated pearls and plastics.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Eg: Prokaryotic DNA- use to provide genetic advantages in specific environments.-Found in the cytoplasmic region called the nucleoid
PROTEIN
Phosphoproteins
Eg: Fibrinogen - the formation of fibrin that binds together platelets and some plasma proteins in a hemostatic plug. In pathological situations, the network entraps large numbers of erythrocytes and leukocytes forming a thrombus that may occlude a blood vessel. Found in liver
Amino acid
Eg: histidine -It's used in growth, repair of damaged tissues, and making blood cells. It helps protect nerve cells.
Source: dairy products.
Collagen
Eg: Collagen fibrillogenesis – Use as biomedical importance and have central roles in embryogenesis, arthritis, tissue repair, fibrosis, tumor invasion.sources: membrane plasma
CARBOHYDRATE
Monosaccharides
Eg: Glucose - The main function of monosaccharide is to produce and store energy.
source - leaves, grasses.
Disaccharides
Eg: Lactose – use an energy source for lactic acid bacteria during dairy-product fermentation, in which its breakdown leads to the formation of specific flavor components, to its use as an incipient in oral. Found in milk
Polysaccharides
Eg: Cellulose – use as processed to produce papers and fibres and is chemically modified to yield substances used in the manufacture of such items as plastics, photographic films, and rayon. Other cellulose derivatives are used as adhesives, explosives, thickening agents for foods- source- plant cell walls