Different types of assessments

Assessment of, as, and for learning - Assessments can be categorized into one of the various types, however their purpose in the classroom will usually be assessment of learning, as learning, or for learning.

Assessment for Learning

Assessment of Learning

Formative and summative assessment

Diagnostic assessment

Performance assessment

Formative assessment is an example of 'assessment for learning'. It helps to inform the teacher about how well the students have understood the concepts being taught which also helps the teacher plan lessons with differentiation in mind going forward.


Summative assessment is an example of 'assessment of learning'. It can provide data that can be used to communicate student progress but it typically occurs at the end of a unit/semester, which does not allow as much flexibility for the teacher to identify areas in need of improvement and have sufficient time to actually work on improving these areas.

Performance assessment / project-based learning is when students showcase their knowledge by directly demonstrating what they know through open-ended tasks like making a project, performing an activity, and constructing an answer. This assessment is used to measure if the student can apply the information they have learned.

Assessment as Learning

Examples:

  • Peer assessment
  • Self assessment
  • Reflection

Examples:

  • Short Quizzes
  • Journal Entries
  • Classroom Discussion
  • Entry & Exit Tickets

Examples:

  • Exams
  • Portfolios
  • Final projects
  • Standardized tests

This type of assessment is also known as formative assessments. It occurs throughout teaching and the learning process. There are formal and informal strategies to inform the teacher about the students' knowledge, understandings and skills, which can help teachers make decisions about future lesson differentiation and classroom management strategies. Diagnostic assessments can also be regarded as assessment for learning.

This type of assessment happens when students are able to track their own learning. It encourages students to be more responsible of what they know and can do to the new learning that will take place. Ipsative assessments are an example of assessment as learning.

This type of assessment is also known as summative assessments. It assists teachers in using evidence of student learning to assess achievement against outcomes and standards. Usually this assessment happens at the end of a unit or semester as a grade. Other examples of assessments of learning are norm-referenced assessments and criterion-referenced assessments.

Ipsative assessment

Norm-referenced assessment

Criterion-referenced assessment

Diagnostic assessment can be used prior to beginning a new topic to assess whether students have the necessary knowledge of more basic concepts that they may require in order to fully understand the concept being focused on in class. It can inform the teachers as to whether students have 'mastered' the previous concepts studied to ascertain whether they are ready to move on to a more complex area of study.

Ipsative assessment is a form of 'assessment as learning'. Rather than comparing student assessment results with other students' results or with expected results, a student's results are compared with their prior performance on assessment tasks. This allows the students to see their own progress and set their own goals, which can motivate them to continue improving.

Norm-referenced assessments are an example of 'assessment of learning'. They contrast with Ipsative assessments as norm-referenced assessments are assessments where students' performances are compared to that of their peers, whereas in the case of Ipsative assessments, students' performance is only compared with their own previous performance. Norm-referenced assessments can be useful when determining language ability, grade readiness, physical development, and college admission decisions.

Criterion-referenced assessments are an example of 'assessments of learning'. This is where students' assessment results are compared to a set standard or performance level such as grade-level standards. It differs from norm-referenced assessment as this is a direct comparison among peers, whereas criterion-referenced assessment focuses solely on a specific standard. The assessment would take place at the beginning of instruction and then again at the end of instruction.

Examples of formative assessments:

  • Portfolios
  • Group projects
  • Progress reports
  • Class discussion
  • Entry and Exit tickets
  • Regular quizzes using paper or online tools such as Kahoot
  • Anonymous voting/polls
  • 'One minute' papers
  • Homework
  • Journal prompts
  • Mini whiteboards

Examples of summative assessments:

  • Standardized tests
  • End of term/Mid-term exams
  • Final projects
  • End of unit test

Examples:

  • Questionnaires and surveys.
  • Multiple choice questions.
    True / False questions.
  • Open-ended questions.

A well-known criterion-referenced test is the Advanced Placement exam and the National Assessment of Educational Progress test.

Examples:

  • Being able to compose a few sentences in an open-ended response.
  • developing an essay with a thorough analysis.
  • Conduction experiments.
  • Assembling a portfolio of students' work.

Examples:

  • Quizzes
  • Journal entries
  • Interviews
  • Reflections
  • Discussion tasks
  • Graphic organizers (e.g. mind maps or KWL charts)

Examples:

  • IQ tests
  • Physical assessments
  • Standardized college admission tests

Examples:

  • Portfolios
  • Two-stage testing process
  • Project-based learning

[Assessment For Learning vs. Assessment Of Learning]
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[Criterion vs Norm Referenced Assessment: Examples & Evaluation]
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Collected by Louise

summative vs formative

[Performance Based Assessment & Learning]
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[Diagnostic Assessment: Examples & Overview]
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norm vs criterion

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Group Members: Louise, Victoria, Barbara

Collecetd by Louise