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The presidential election of 1860 explains how the United States was…
The presidential election of 1860 explains how the United States was divided even before the election. When Lincoln won, the South felt that, in politics, it didn't have a say. One by one each Southern state began to secede from the Union.
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Presidential election of 1860 (November 6, 1860)
Vicksburg is the last confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River. The Confederates hope to get European countries involved to help them win the war/because the South exported cotton to European countries.
Siege of Vicksburg (May 18, 1863 - July 4, 1863)
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This was a battle with many Union casualties, the largest river crossing of the war, and it also acted as a boost for the Confederate hopes of victory.
Battle of Fredericksburg (December 11, 1862 - December 15, 1862)
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Robert E. Lee had a plan to invade the North and force an immediate end to the war but failed. The battle of Gettysburg was a major defeat for the Confederacy with them losing 28,000 men (more than 1/3 of their army) compared to the Union with 23,000 casualties.
Battle of Gettysburg (July 1 - July 3, 1863)
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President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third year of bloody civil war. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
Emancipation Proclamation (January 1st, 1863)
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Bull Run (Manassas) was the first full-scale battle of the Civil War. The fierce fight there forced both the North and South to face the sobering reality that the war would go on for a long time. Each side had about 18,000 poorly trained and poorly led troops. It was a Confederate victory, followed by a disorganized retreat of the Union forces
First Battle of Manassas/Bull Run (July 21, 1861)
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The second battle of Fort Wagner was a defeat for the Union. Union troops launched a failed attack on the Confederates Fortress. In this battle, African Americans also fought. This Battle showed that African Americans can also fight for their freedom.
Second Battle of Fort Wagner (July 18, 1863)
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Sherman's March to the sea was meant to frighten Georgia's civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. Sherman's soldiers did not destroy any of the towns in their path, but they stole food and livestock and burned the houses and barns of people who tried to fight back.
Sherman's March to the sea (November 15, 1864)
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Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth who was an American stage actor while watching a play at Ford's Theatre. John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln in the head. This event occurred just five days after Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
Lincoln Assassination (April 14, 1865)
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Nat Turner (an enslaved man) led a rebellion of enslaved people on August 21, 1831. His action set off a massacre of up to 200 Black people and a new wave of oppressive legislation prohibiting the education, movement, and assembly of enslaved people. The rebellion also stiffened pro-slavery, anti-abolitionist convictions that persisted in that region until the American Civil War.
Nat Turner Slave Rebellion (August 21, 1831 - August 23, 1831
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The Battle of Fort Sumter was the bombardment of Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina by the Confederate South Carolina militia. It ended with the surrender of (Union forces) United States Army. This battle sparked the beginning of the American Civil War.
Fort Sumter (April 12, 1861 - April 13, 1861)
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The battle of Antietam was the deadliest one-day battle in American military history, it was the first attempt at invasion of the North by Confederate forces.
Battle of Antietam (September 17, 1862)
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The battle of Shiloh made both sides realize that the war was going to be long and very bloody, considering that 3,000 soldiers were dead and 12,000 were wounded. This was the bloodiest battle up to that point.
Battle of Shiloh (April 6 - April 7, 1862)
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John Brown freed 11 slaves and 30 of his followers attacked the armory at Harper's Ferry to capture weapons. Brown and his men were rather caught/killed within 2 days. Brown eventually lived on as a hero to abolitionists for what he did.
Attack on Harper's Ferry (October 16 - October 18, 1859)
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The surrender at Appomattox Court House was the last day of the war. Soldiers on both sides began to leave the war due to lack of food and resources (mainly in the South though) until Robert E. Lee surrendered his 28,000 Confederate troops.
Surrender at Appomattox Court House (April 9, 1865)
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