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Chapter 12 Section 2: How the Compromise collapsed - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 12 Section 2: How the Compromise collapsed
President Pierce
declared his admin. will not be controlled by forebodings of evil from expansion.
sent James Gadsen to buy northern part of Mexico, all of lower California.
sent Pierre Soule as minister to Spain w/ orders to buy Cuba.
proslavery man; warlike expansionist
Ostend Manifesto
Southerners believed island will add large and profitable slave territory to US.
Spain does not want to sell Cuba.
American ministers met to shape the US policy on Cuba.
possesion of Cuba=essential to welfare
If Spain don’t sell the island, US will take Cuba by force.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Douglas introduced bill, which provided for Kansas and Nebraska Territory, to organize lands west of Iowa and Missouri.
S. doesn’t vote for railroad through land that is closed to slavery.
w/o S. vote, the bill cannot be passed.
land grants made only if the region the railroad passed.
advance of tech, growth of industry, and commerce made the success of Compromise of 1850 impossible.
Kansas and Nebraska will be decide whether slave/free state by popular sovereignty.
final result after bill passed:
whole K-N territory was north of old freedom line of Missouri Compromise.
North held protest over the act.
Expansion and slavery
northerners against the expansion of slavery
they hated peculiar institution which practiced keeping slaves.
Illinois and Indiana banned black people moving into their state in constitutions.
Northerners had willing to guarantee slavery.
Wisconsin
members decided to organize new party resist extension of slavery.
Republicans
July 6, 1854
party launched at meeting in Jackson, Michigan.
declared slavery=great moral, social, and political evil.
demanded repeal of K-N Act and Fugitive Slave Act.
resolved to sink all political diff and unite in battle against extension of slavery until the fight was won.
Congressional elections in November 1854
old Whigs shattered.
Democratic wasn’t collapsed but staggered.
Know-Nothing Party
secret association formed to fight the political influence of foreigners (Roman Catholics)
reply “I don’t know” when asked about party’s activities.
election of 1854, Republicans and Know-Nothings won enough seats to control Congress.
Problem of popular sovereignty: it does not says when a territory can decide about slavery.
Henry Ward Beecher
eminent minister who suggested to supplied w/ riffles.
Bleeding Kansas
May 1856, proslavery sheriff led mob into antislavery lawrence, burning abd attacking the town.
Revenge: antislavery man John Brown led party to proslavery settlement on Pottawatomie Creek w/ his 4 sons.
They dragged 5 men from beds and murdered by splitting skulls.
Charles Sumner
intelligent, vain, outspoken, and tactless
attacked South and several senators w/ insulting words.
Preston S. Brooks
nephew of senator from state who had been insulted.
Avenged the honor of his uncle and south with cane.
May 22, 1856
Brooks walked up to Senator Sumner, who was seated at his desk in senate chamber, and beat him.
Brooks resigned when House censured him, but reelected by his congressional district.
Sumner was not able to regain his health.